Racial Formation Theory in Sociology

please paraphrase the idea of "racial formation" in your own word
(Racial formation theory is an analytical tool in sociology, developed by Michael Omi and Howard Winant, which is used to look at race as a socially constructed identity, where the content and importance of racial categories are determined by social, economic, and political forces.) and "racial project" (“Projects,” here, refers to a representation of race that situates it in social structure. A racial project can take the form of common sense assumptions about racial groups, about whether or not race is significant in today’s society, or narratives and images that depict race and racial categories through mass media, for example. These situate race within social structure by, for instance, justifying why some people have less wealth or make more money than others on the basis of race, or, by pointing out that racism is alive and well, and that it impacts people’s experiences in society.)
pleases read the reading's chapter 5 “No More Peck o’ Corn” : Slavery and Its Discontents“North of Slavery”; Was “Sambo” Real? (P115-127), and talks about how Black American still became the target of racism, and whites continued to maintain their hegemony status in society through the racial formation?
the thesis statement of the essay is : In 1860, with the end of the American revolution, southern states began to abolish Slavery, and more and more African America came to the south to find "freedom"
However, those African Americans did not get free in the north, they became the target of racism, and whites continued to maintain their hegemony status in society through the racial formation.