Fisher, Robert E. "Art of Tibet." History Essay

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According to Robert E. Fisher, around which century did Tibetan art develop its distinctive style?
Tibetan art developed its unique style in the tenth century, during which religion, notably Buddhism, influenced art. The Tibetans chose those deities that they could best identify with and, that were in alignment with their shamanistic culture. As a result, they emphasized on using images, implements and people that were either mystical or historical (29).
List three (3) categories (in your own words) of Buddha portrayals described in Fisher.
Buddha portrayal showing the different events that occurred during the life of the historical Buddha (30).
A Buddha portrayal giving an account from their previous life of the Buddha (30).
The portrayal that shows the Buddha as a celestial being living in different realms (30).
From your reading, but in your own words, define a Lakshana.
Lakshana refers to the distinctive marks that show that one is a Buddha (32).
List three (3) ways in which the Buddha is distinguished from other figures in Tibetan paintings.
Lakshanas are only placed on the Buddha
The Buddha is enclosed with haloes or mandorlas
The Buddha sits on Lotus thrones
From your reading in Fisher, what is a tangka/thangka?
A Tangka/thangka refers to the painting that was done and later hanged on fabrics (33).
Fisher briefly discusses some of the elements that Tibetan art gets from contact with these countries. From your reading, identify one major visual element that Tibetan art gets from each of these countries:
India: Tibetan art use refined abstraction and spiritual elegance that are similar to those of Indian images (34).
China: Tibetan art borrows from the Chinese when depicting the setting of the Buddha. For instance, the artist uses a more exaggerated form of traditional Chinese gnarled trees and fantastic rocks in the Arhats (34).
According to your reading, how do Tibetan portrayals of the Buddha differ from those favoured in India?
Tibetan portrayals tried to communicate on mortal level by adding aspects such as gentle smiles on the Buddha, unlike the Indian depictions of the Buddha, which were rigid and focused on repetitive image-making.
From your...