Specialization and Division of Labor and Scientific Management Implementation Principles

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Specialization and Division of Labor
Smith concludes that competitive markets enhance productivity and thus lead to plenty and, therefore, social progress because such a business environment is characterized by the ingenuity of the product manufacturers inclined to make their business a peculiar trade. Competitive markets enable men to integrate their powers of the most different and distant objects that culminate into plenty. Such an abundance of goods generates social progress because each individual becomes an expert in their peculiar domain. More work is completed upon the whole, thus making makings various products available to the market. It is the significant multiplication of the productions of all different arts and goods, in consequence of the division of labor, which results in a well-governed society, that universal opulence which reaches the people within the lower levels of the economic strata (Smith 115). Each trader can also exchange a large number of their products for a tremendous amount of theirs, and a general plenty diffuses itself across the different levels of society.
According to Smith, specialization, and division of labor within the pin factory results in greater productivity for various reasons. First, improvement in skills of the workforce enhances the quantity of the work each individual can perform as well as the division of labor by lowering each worker's business to some specified simple operation and by ensuring such operation constitutes their sole employment role, thus increasing productivity. Secondly, productivity increases since specialization and labor division save the time typically lost when passing from one type of work to another. In this context, workers can pass quickly from one kind of work to another, being conducted in a distinct environment and using different tools. Thirdly, divisi...