Physics Assignment: Review Chapter 5 Temperature And Heat

Heat is defined in many ways: it can be associated with temperature read as degrees on a thermometer, heat on a burner that fries an egg, and the enormous energy coming from the sun which gives energy throughout the world. All matter on Earth contains energy; energy in the gas’s atmosphere, the water that forms the oceans, and so much more, all of which are made up of matter. Matter contains energy and is made up of atoms and molecules. For example, salt is made up of sodium and chloride atom which gives it the name sodium chloride. Energy is also classified into Thermal Energy which is internal energy inside matter.
Adding to the previous discussion, heat is also defined as the flow of thermal energy from one place to another. Heat always flows from something warmer to something colder, when heat is added to a substance, its molecule moves faster and when heat is taken away, the molecules slows down. Heat can also be converted into other forms of energy and vice versa such as electrical energy coming from an electric burner converts to heat energy when it turns red hot. Adding heat causes most substance to change in other ways, such as when the metal ball would fit a ring and then when it is subjected to heat, it no longer fits due to the molecules getting expanded; however, once the metal ball is subjected to cold water, the molecules compress and it would fit the ring again.
Water is an important exemption when it is heated or cooled. When water freezes and becomes solid ice, it expands instead of contracts because of the special way water molecules and ice bond to each other.
The temperature of water can be marked with the use of a thermometer. Some thermometers use the Celsius scale which is based on the fact that water boils and freezes at the same temperatures in the pressure of the atmosphere is the same. At sea pressure, 100 degrees Celsius marks the boiling point and 0 degrees marks the freezing point. Other thermometers use the Fahrenheit scale with 32 degrees marks the freezing point and 212 marks the boiling point. Celsius and Fahrenheit may not have the same scale but they both measure temperature and not heat.
Temperature and heat are different in important ways. Temperature is a measure of how fast the molecules and the substance are on average moving such as when you put a thermometer on a tub with warm water then on a cup to check the temperature, the temperature would be the same since the water molecules in the cup is moving in average as much as in the tub but the tub has much more thermal energy because it has many times the number of water molecules and because it has so much more thermal energy, more heat can flow in the water in the tub than the water in the cup; moreover, the water in the tub for instance can quickly melt the ice.
To further show the difference between heat and temperature, candle and a thermal radiator was compared. The flame of the candle has a much higher temperature but the radiator has much more thermal energy due to having more molecules than the flame and it gives enough heat than the flame, enough to warm the whole room. Whilst temperature is measured in degrees, heat is measured in units called Calories. Calorie is the amount of heat it takes, to raise the temperature ...