ANARCHY AND THE CONFLICT BETWEEN STATES. Social Sciences Essay

ANARCHY AND THE CONFLICT BETWEEN STATES
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ANARCHY AND THE CONFLICT BETWEEN STATES
In order to have an answer to this question, we must first know what anarchism is. Well, in accordance with the definition of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2017), anarchism is a political theory that finds the justification of political power, or just any forms of authority and power, to be worthy of skepticism. It is commonly rooted in moral claims in regards to the importance of individual liberty and has inspired various forms of direct actions, practical efforts at establishing Utopian communities, and both radical and revolutionary political agendas. This kind of anarchism is called "philosophical anarchism," wherein it focuses on anarchism not as any form of political activism, but as a theoretical idea. Even though this philosophical anarchism describes a skeptical theory of political legitimation, anarchism is also a concept, an idea that has been used in both philosophical and literary theory to describe a sort of anti-foundationalism. For a political theory to be called as "anarchism" it has to meet four criteria, it must be consist of: (a) an ideal society, which should be noncoercive and nonauthoritarian; (b) criticism of the current society; (c) a human-centered view that rationalizes the hope for significant development towards the ideal; and lastly (d) a tactic for change involving the establishment of a decentralized, nonauthoritative, and noncoercive alternative; with this definition, an anarchist that met the four criteria is well-rooted to the fundamental ideal, but on the other hand, an anarchist that accepted the ideal yet suggests a different approach to attain its goal would have a more limited sense (Clark, 1978).
One thing to mention is that a difference can be made between anarchism as a fixed idea, or philosophy, and what anarchism essentially is. The essence of anarchism can be characterized as the rejection of all coercion and any form of authority as it not natural to humankind, and it has an inherent notion that men can have a good interaction with his fellow men without a need for hierarchy and authority. The philosophy of anarchism is based on this. In the 19th century, the advent of the philosophy of anarchism coincidentally aligned along with the dawn of modern state and the capitalism, and with the increasing importance given to the need of central control and hierarchical structure in all aspects of the day to day lives of people living in that era, this kind of philosophy gathered a numerous enthusiast in Europe along with their call for the tear-down of the hierarchy and centralization. Three notable men molded anarchism in this era; Michael Bakunin, Peter Kropotkin, and Proudhon; in which they are all agreed on specific principles that governed the orthodox of the philosophy of anarchism. Most followers of this philosophy cohere with the following; (a) man can be corrupted by the authority of politics, religion, and education, despite that, man is good by nature (either by inherent potential, or by birth); (b) man, as a social animal would instinctively cooperate with this fellowmen rather ...