Non-pharmacological Interventions For Management. Urinary Incontinence

NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR MANAGEMENT OF URINARY INCONTINENCE IN ELDERLY
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Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Abstract PAGEREF _Toc532587562 \h 3Introduction PAGEREF _Toc532587563 \h 5Themes in the Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc532587564 \h 9Pathophysiology of Urinary Incontinence PAGEREF _Toc532587565 \h 9Previous Research on Urinary Incontinence PAGEREF _Toc532587566 \h 11Non-pharmacological Management of UI PAGEREF _Toc532587567 \h 12Pelvic Floor Muscle Treatment (PFMT) PAGEREF _Toc532587568 \h 12Behavioral modifications PAGEREF _Toc532587569 \h 13Robustness of the Research Methods used in the Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc532587570 \h 15Progress of Literature Review on the non-pharmacological Management of Urinary Incontinence PAGEREF _Toc532587571 \h 16Adverse effects of Non-pharmacological Interventions PAGEREF _Toc532587572 \h 17Limitations in Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc532587573 \h 17Summary of the Findings from the Review of Literature PAGEREF _Toc532587574 \h 18Conclusion and Recommendation PAGEREF _Toc532587575 \h 18References PAGEREF _Toc532587576 \h 19
Abstract
Urinary incontinence (UI) is an involuntary passage of urine from the bladder. While the condition is likely to occur in any population, it is more pronounced in elderly people (Greer, Arya, & Smith, 2013, p. 2). According to Neki (2014, p. 3), UI affects one in every three women in the age above sixty-five years. The disorder is also common in elderly. While pharmacological interventions have been proved effective in the treatment of UI in the elderly, there has been an increase in concern on their efficacy due to associated side effects that arise from use of drugs. In the recent past, scholars have been shifting towards the use of non-pharmacological interventions in the management of UI. Non-pharmacological methods include behavioral modification, environmental changes, physical exercises, and the strengthening of pelvic muscle floor to prevent them from leaking urine. UI has both social and psychological impact to the affected person. Currently, a lot of literature on the management of UI has been published online, creating a challenge for readers looking for information on the management of UI. The purpose of this literature appraisal is to provide a systematic review of the scientific literature on UI, communicate their credibility, trustworthiness, and reliability for use in academic research as well as for those that are interested in the information regarding management of UI in adults.
In the process of appraising reviewed articles, this paper will mainly focus on the key learning points that researcher intended to communicate in the article, the target audience of the article, the methodology used, the discussion of results, and the declaration of the conflict of interest, if any. While the internet has simplified the search for information regarding the treatment and management of clinical disorders, there are also resources that present flawed information. The problem with flawed resources is that they are likely to interfere with the health of the patient or harm the progress that a person may have made in the recovery pro...