Number Of Employees: 7th Firm With 50 Employees

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1(a) Sam is collecting data on the yearly rate of returns of the stocks included in the index S&P 500. What kind of variable of interest is he using in this study and how many observations are in the data set? Name 1 company that in S&P 500 and list their return in the year 2015. 
The long term interest rate is a discrete variable as it can take any value, and the number of observations in a year is at least 501 as there are stocks for 501 companies (Isbitts).
Under Armour Inc is an apparel and accessories company and reported a return of 42.5% in 2015 (Kulikowski). The large cap companies included in the index are mostly doing business in the US.
1(b) Give an example of a finance/business related variable which is cross-sectional.
The manufacturing statistics and household budget survey are common cross-sectional data, as this is data from the same time.Part 1The following data has been recorded on the number of employees for 6 small firms: 12, 23, 23, 27, 34, 44. Calculate the mean, mode and range of the data.
Mean = (12 +23+ 23 +27+ 34 +44)/ 6= 163/3=27.17 = 28 employees
Mode=23
Range= 44-12= 32
Discuss how the average number of employees would change if you added a 7th firm with 50 employees
The new total is 213 (163+50) and Mean is 213/7 being 30.43 (31 employees). The seventh firm has the highest number of employees at 50compared to the previous six firms, with the highest being 44
Calculate the standard deviation for the data set provided in TD 1. Describe the formula used and interpret the data. Why does standard deviation matter in the business environment? 
FirmXx-m(x-m)^2112-15.167230.028223-4.166717.3611323-4.166717.3611427-0.16670.027785346.8333346.694464416.8333283.361594.833
The standard deviation is в€љ (594.833)/ 6-1=10.91, and it is important to determine how the data is spread when making decisions on different business activities.
The probability that a machine does not produce a defective object during a particular shift is 0.85. What is the complement of the event that a machine does not produce a defective item during that particular shift and what is the probability of that complementary event?
A complementary event T is one that takes place when T does not occur and the sum of such events is 1. The complementary event in the case is that the machine produces one or more defective items during the shift and the probability that the machine then produces at least one defective item is 1-0.85= 0.10.
By doing research on the topic, identify 1-2 leading statisticians who had contributions with respect to the concepts described in this module. 
Jon Venn and Thomas Bayes have cont...