Impacts of COVID 19 HIV/AIDS on Global Public Health

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Introduction
Global public health refers to the health of populations across the world. Global health concerns are not only medical but also social, political, and economic issues that affect the wellbeing of individuals—different agencies around the world focus on solving problems related to public health. Despite the efforts, there are numerous issues facing global health. Infectious diseases pose a significant challenge because they are easily transmissible and can blow out of control if not controlled. Covid-19 has been the latest pandemic that has impacted people's everyday lives. Other infectious diseases include Ebola, influenza, HIV/AIDS, and malaria. Infectious diseases for which vaccines have been developed are no longer a public health concern. Non-communicable diseases are increasing among individuals as the world develops (Smith et al., 2021). Mortality rates due to lifestyle diseases continue to increase globally. Other global health challenges include environmental factors, healthcare in war-prone areas, food supplies, and inequality. 
Impact of Covid-19 on the global public health.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is highly infectious and is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The disease manifests differently in different people. Although severe illness increases the mortality rate, most people experience the mild to moderate form of the disease. The most common symptoms include dry cough, loss of taste and smell, fever, and fatigue. Some people may also experience diarrhea, headaches, joint pain, sore throat, and skin rashes (Larsen et al., 2020). The severe illness causes the individual to experience shortness of breath and chest pain. The incubation period is between five to fourteen days, after which symptoms start to show (Alene et al., 2021). People with other conditions are more likely to experience severe illness after infection with the virus. Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and respiratory diseases increase the chances of severe illness and hospitalization. The old and immunosuppressed individuals are also at risk of severe illness once infected. 
Various strains of the virus have been witnessed since the pandemic began. The mutations alter the properties of the virus, thus making it difficult to target it. The changes affect how easily transmissible the virus is, disease severity, diagnosis, and therapeutic measures (Duong, 2021). The main variants of concern recorded since 2020 include the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron strains (Juno & Wheatley, 2021). As the mutation progresses, the virus becomes more robust, making it essential for the public to step up measures to prevent or control the spread. 
Covid-19 is transmitted when people breathe droplets of particles in the air containing the virus. These droplets are absorbed through the mucus membrane of various parts such as the eyes, nose, and mouth (Jayaweera et al., 2020). The risk of contamination is high where people are near each other, for instance, at a conversational distance. Rooms with poor ventilation also increase the period when particles are suspended in the air, thus increas...