Fixmer-Oraiz, Gestational Surrogates

Answer each of the questions below. Each answer should be one single-spaced paragraph of between 150-200 words. Use times new roman font in size 12.
Q1. According to Fixmer-Oraiz, gestational surrogates often lose basic rights to control over their own bodies through the surrogacy contract. This may include:
being housed away from their family and under surveillance during the pregnancy in order to control the fetal environment (such as what she eats) and be close to medical care that would otherwise be unavailable in her poor living conditions at home
being required to submit to pregnancy termination at the intended parent's wishes
being required to submit to the medical choices of the intended parents
being required to undergo major abdominal surgery (cesarean) at the intended parent's wishes
What is your opinion of these practices, is it ethical?
Hint: some questions to consider in your answer: Is it possible for a woman to give true "consent" in these cases where she is being paid to do so? Is this the same thing as selling, or at least renting, human bodies? Is it the same as slavery? To what extent should the state regulate these practices?
Q2. Fixmer-Oraiz states:
"Rhetorics of “choice” deflect critical attention away from the material and contextual conditions of transnational commercial surrogacy, making it easier for feminists of the global North in particular to miss, or dismiss, profound reproductive injustices both within and across borders that fuel surrogate labor. Narrowly focused on individual decision making, divorced of an analysis of the conditions under which such decisions are made, “choice” bolsters an uneasy alliance—a facile leveling of the field—between women who opt for surrogacy as a last resort for family formation and those who pursue commercial reproductive labor on the global market in the absence of more desirable forms of work or income. “Choice” centers debate on whether or not, or to what extent, women should engage in commercial reproductive labor and detracts from rigorous engagement with the unjust conditions under which women do engage in this work. Indeed, for many women who pursue commercial reproductive labor, it is often the best or only option available to them, as is evidenced by surrogate mothers who report choosing among surrogacy, the sale of blood or organs, and participation in high-risk pharmaceutical trials in order to relieve poverty."
Thinking about what you learned in this article about the context of gestational surrogacy, do you think that the surrogacy market is a form of biopolitics and/or structural violence against women similar to what we learned about in Unending Hunger? Why or why not?