Sociocultural, Biological, And Humanistic Perspectives

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1 Explain what can cause a person to become a drug addict from psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, sociocultural, biological, and humanistic perspectives. Describe the perspective fully and the reasoning for
There are different perspectives that can be used to explain drug addiction as part of abnormal psychology. Psychodynamic perspective puts forward that abnormal behavior is caused by a conflict between conscious desires and unconscious desires. When this conflict is not resolved in early life, people repress things that lead to resolve to addiction as a form of mental illness (Palmer & McGeary, 2016). The need for drug use in this case can be caused by repressing anger. Most times repressed anger turns inward to become self-hate that need to be resolved through drug use. Most users find drugs useful in either bringing out the anger or getting calm from self-hate that come from repressed anger.
Behavioral perspective believes that behaviors are learnt through a complex system of rewards and punishments. Behavior is maintained by the consequences or reinforcers of that behavior (McConnell & Froeliger, 2015). Drug self-administration is a form of instrumental behavior because the actions of a person are instrumental in experiencing the consequences. Additionally, addiction behavior can be learnt from the environment.
Cognitive perspective explains drug use and addiction in terms of the thought processes of the patient. Perceptions and thought processes are a major force in deciding action and control; people in addiction tend to have maladaptive thought patterns (Palmer & McGeary, 2016). Sociocultural perspective demands that people look beyond the individual when explaining addiction. The argument is that people in addiction react more to external influences than to internal forces. Negative effects of culture and society can lead people to drug addiction (McConnell & Froeliger, 2015).
Biological perspective is complex and can take many forms. Brain functioning and regulation has a lot to do with addiction. American Society of Addictions Medicine (ASAM) reported that in 2011 genetics account for about 50% of the likelihood of an addiction (McConnell &...