Annotated Bibliography: Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine for Treating COVID-19

Annotated Bibliography: Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine for Treating COVID-19
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Annotated Bibliography: Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine for Treating COVID-19
de Novales, F. J. M., Ramírez-Olivencia, G., Estébanez, M., de Dios, B., Herrero, M. D., Mata, T., Borobia, A. M., Gutiérrez, C., Simón, M., & Ochoa, A. (2020). Early hydroxychloroquine is associated with an increase of survival in COVID-19 patients: An observational study.
de Novales et al. (2020) conducted a research to establish the impact Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) had on COVID-19 patients. The research, primarily carried out through observatory means, was inspired by the fact that HCQ is proven to have anti-viral behavior against viruses of the same family with that causing COVID 19. The study then affirmed the hypothesis that HCQ increases survival in COVID-19 patients. Another significant observation from the study was on the stage of admission of the drug.
The sample size for the research entailed COVID-19 patients from various demographics, aged between 18-85 years admitted at the Central Defense Hospital in Madrid. Out of the 220 medical records analyzed, 48% of the patients not treated with HCQ succumbed to the diseases, a percentage slightly above double those on HCQ, of whom just 22% died. Although not peer-reviewed, the research conducted by de Novales et al. (2020) met the threshold for an observational study.
Horby, P., Mafham, M., Linsell, L., Bell, J. L., Staplin, N., Emberson, J. R., Wiselka, M., Ustianowski, A., Elmahi, E., & Prudon, B. (2020). Effect of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: Preliminary results from a multi-centre, randomized, controlled trial. MedRxiv.
The article by Horby et al. (2020) takes a similar approach to their peers in Madrid based hospital to establish the effectiveness of HCQ on hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The evaluation criteria took 28 days, and a total of 178 hospitals were involved in the study. There was also no age limit to the study. The outcomes indicated that HCQ correlates with the longevity of hospital stay. The study also suggested that there is a likelihood of increased risks with the administration of HCQ to the patients, with more requiring intense medical attention. There was no significant benefit on mortality noted.
The evaluation criteria adopted in this research were randomized and controlled. A sample size of 500 plus was used initially. Data collection leveraged on digital means, with the follow-up criteria also relying on the same. With the huge and thoroughly randomized sample size, the outcome of this study is highly significant the discussion on whether HCQ is effective in the management of COVID 19.
Ramireddy, A., Chugh, H., Reinier, K., Ebinger, J., Park, E., Thompson, M., Cingolani, E., Cheng, S., Marban, E., & Albert, C. M. (2020). Experience with Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for QT Interval Monitoring. Journal of the American Heart Association, 9, e017144.
The article by Ramireddy et al. (2020) sought to establish the effectiveness of HCQ in combination with Azithromycin that had been extensively used in the management of COVID-19 p...