Chapter Summary Essay

Summary
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Summary
The chapter explores extensively on mental disorders, their causes, implications and the effective treatment. There are several types of disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depressive disorder. The causes mainly stem from abnormalities in the structure and functioning of the brain. Anatomical and physiological abnormalities are the core causative aspects of the mental disorders. Other causes could be genetic, for instance if a family has twins and one of them has schizophrenia, there is a high likelihood that the other one too has the same disorder. The symptoms of the disorders may vary from one individual to the other, due to the differences in the cultural factors, life experiences, and individual differences. For this reason, the diagnosis might be challenging at times and confusing since the symptoms are similar to the challenges present in life experiences CITATION Eli05 \l 1033 (Elizabeth, 2005).
The effect of the mental disorders to a person include; abnormalities of cognition that are felt in feeling, thinking and behavior. For specific brain structures, the presence of a disorder has different effects. For instance, some of the effects caused in the cerebral cortex include; disordered thoughts, lack of motivation, movement disorders and damage to the occipital lobes that can lead to blindness. In the Limbic system, the effects are an abnormality in the increase in thirst, loss of motivation and short-term memory CITATION Eli05 \l 1033 (Elizabeth, 2005).
The best treatment for people with disorders is a holistic approach. This implies that there is active involvement of the client, trusting therapeutic relationships, psychotropic medications as well as behavioral and cognitive therapies. Also, neurotransmitters play several roles in treatment. For instance, acetylcholine coordinates the muscle movement, memory acquisition and retention as well as pain perception. Norepinephrine regulates sleep, mood as well as wakefulness CITATION Eli05 \l 1033 (Elizabeth, 2005).
Brain imaging is also relevant and significant in the study of brain disorders. The scans from brain imaging are not primaril...