Answer test questions. Literature & Language Assignment

Test Questions
Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Test Questions
What is interpellation, and how does it work? Provide your own example of interpellation as you discuss the concept.
Interpellation refers to the ideologies developed and normalized by human beings naturally through different aspects of society such as culture (Buckland, 2017). Through the process of interpellation, individuals can thus encounter ideas, continually accept them and eventually integrate them as their own values. In most cases, such ideologies such as identity encourage people to accept them from an early age. Therefore, as an individual develops, he/she becomes accustomed to such an identity since it is emphasized by society.
An example of interpellation regarding gender roles is the idea that males are dominant and providers in society. On the other hand, females are perceived to be primary caregivers and the more moderate gender. Such societal perceptions are shown in a variety of aspects of daily life hence continuously propagating such notions to the stage where they are widely accepted globally. However, personality traits vary in different individuals despite gender. Therefore, while such notions of gender roles may not be true for several cases, they are still regarded as the norm.
Explain the process of Encoding/Decoding using specific examples of your choice from ONE (1) course narrative.
Any type of communication requires the transmission of information or messages from the sender to a receiver. Encoding refers to the process through which messages may be turned into a mode of communication (Hall, 1980). In this case, an encoder must construct the message/information in such a manner that can be understandable to the target audience. With messages being narratives, language use plays an important role to create the meanings that further guide the narrative. Therefore, to determine discourse different levels of meanings in words and sentences have to be combined appropriately and interpreted (Barthes & Duisit, 1975, p.242). However, the encoder of information must transform it into a message that is relatable to the recipient through creation of stories.
On the other hand, decoding refers to the receipt and unwrapping of the message and the subsequent understanding of the message. The recipient of the information must have the means through which the message is transmitted to enable him/her access it (Hall, 1980). Such means include television, radio or telephones which can be used to transmit information over long distances. However, the message must be correctly interpreted by the recipient to ensure that it passes the intended idea. Consequently, if the recipient does not find any form of meaning gin the transmitted message, then the message cannot be consumed. Therefore, the aim of the decoding stage of messages is to elicit a response from the recipient in the form of entertainment, influence, persuasion or provide instructions.
Identify and explain TWO (2) characteristics of Orality as identified by Ong.
Firstly, Ong describes orality as redundant in the sense that it requires constant back looping to remember specific aspects. When compared to written messages, an individual can glance back at previous se...