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3 pages/β‰ˆ825 words
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Style:
APA
Subject:
Law
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Essay
Language:
English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Criminology graded project Law Essay Research Paper

Essay Instructions:

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Instructions
CJ340 Graded Project
Your project must be submitted as a Word document (.docx, .doc). Your project will be individually graded by your instructor and therefore may take up to five to seven days to grade.
Be sure that each of your files contains the following information:
Your name
Your student ID number
The exam number
Your email address
To submit your graded project, follow these steps:
Follow the instructions provided to complete your exam.
Upload your exam in the required file format for grading.
Be sure to keep a backup copy of any files you submit to the school!
Introduction
You'll apply the concepts you've studied in this course to research and write a 1,000-word essay concerning law enforcement policies.
Instructions
During the 1990s, New York City adopted a method of policing based on the broken windows theory. Subsequently, crime decreased.
In regard to the policy change, your essay will respond to the following questions:
What is the broken windows theory of policing?
How did the New York Police Department implement its new theory of policing?
How has the number of stops in New York City changed during the past couple of decades?
What civil rights issues are raised by New York City’s method of policing?
In order to answer those questions, you'll need to
Research law enforcement policies
Relate law enforcement policies to crime rates
Relate law enforcement policies to criminological theory
For assistance with resources for this project, please use resources in the library.
Writing Guidelines
Keep the following guidelines in mind when writing your essay:
Ensure your paper has the following components:
A title page
An introduction
A body containing several paragraphs
A conclusion
A reference page that lists all the sources you used to write your paper
Include the following information on your title page:
Course number and title (CJ340 Criminology)
Student name and number
Project number (80220400)
Date
Type your submission, double-spaced, in a standard print font, size 12.
Use a standard document format with 1-inch margins. (Do not use any fancy or cursive fonts.)
Ensure your project is a minimum of 1,000 words in length and answers all the questions.
Proofread your work carefully. Check for correct spelling, grammar, punctuation, and capitalization.
Use APA style throughout your paper, including formatting and in-text citations.
Review Purdue OWL's information on APA style for guidance.
Grading Rubric
The following rubric will be used to grade your project.
CJ340 Criminology Graded Project
Content
70–53 points 52–34 points 33–16 points 15–0 points
The student's essay provided clear, focused, and thorough answers to the given questions. The student's essay provided mostly clear, focused answers to the given questions. The student's essay provided answers to the given questions, although they may not be clear, focused, or thorough. The student's essay didn't provide answers to the given questions.
Written Communication
30–23 points 22–15 points 14–8 points 7–0 points
The project is clearly and neatly organized and free of typographical errors. Each sentence is complete and uses correct grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. The paper is in APA format and a minimum of 1,000 words in length. It includes all of the following: a title page, introduction, body with in-text citations, concluding paragraph, and reference page. The project is mostly organized, with few typographical errors. Most sentences are complete and/or use correct grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. The paper is in APA format and at least 1,000 words in length. It includes most of the following: a title page, introduction, body with in-text citations, concluding paragraph, and reference page. The project is disorganized with few typographical errors. Several sentences are incomplete and/or use incorrect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. The paper is not in APA format and/or less than 1,000 words in length. It includes some of the following: a title page, introduction, body with in-text citations, concluding paragraph, and reference page. The project is disorganized with multiple typographical errors. Many sentences are incomplete and use incorrect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. The paper is not in APA format and less than 1,000 words in length. It's missing all or most of the following: a title page, introduction, body with in-text citations, concluding paragraph, and reference page.

Essay Sample Content Preview:

The Broken Windows Theory of Policing
Students Name
Instructor’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Date of Submission
Introduction
Law enforcement policies are the main principles that guide law operations. These policies work to provide protection and guidance to security officers and agencies as well as setting expectations on matters related to security. The most important thing to consider when dealing with law enforcement policies is to be able to view its effectiveness in striking the balance between the freedom of individuals and security workers and also meeting the constitutional rights of everyone. They, therefore, have to be objective and aware of people's rights. Many law enforcement policies are guided by various theories. One of the most notable theories is the broken windows theory of policing.
The broken Windows Theory
Coined in 1982 by Kelling and Wilson, the broken windows theory bases its stand on a metaphorical correlation between a literal broken window and law and order. For instance, if a part of a window in a particular building is broken and left unchecked, with time, the rest of the window breaks. In essence, the unrepaired window accelerates the breaking of even more windows because of a compelling message that no one cares about the initial condition of the window (Alford, 2012). From this observation, the broken window theory was created and related to the realities in the social order.
Before the development of this law, only serious crimes were focused on; that is, crimes such as murder that had serious impacts on victims were the were ones to be dealt with. However, the theory of broken windows changes this whole view whereby it demonstrates the relationship between the minor disorders and the major outcomes observed. If minor disorders are fixed and eliminated, then probably the major outcomes that emanate from them would not occur. Besides, the theory posits that the continuous occurrence of a particular minor disorder within a given locality usually brings fear among people. The result is weakening the community controls that had earlier kept the criminal cases in check (Gau et al., 2014).
Implementation of the Theory
One of the most outstanding applications of the theory is its practical aspect in New York City, particularly in the 1990s. Together with his colleagues in the law enforcement department, William Bratton, the city's head of transit police in the early 1990s, instructed for the transformation of the broken window theory from just an idea into practice. This translation saw several plainclothes police officers being ordered to arrest gate jumpers and many other misdemeanor criminals partaking in a less serious assault, indecency, and even basic trespassing. In 1994, when Bratton became the city’s police commissioner, he fastened the enforcement of the policy by attaching the “quality of life initiative” to the theory. This initiative became aggressive towards panhandling, public excess alcoholism, public urination, graffiti, and acts of stopping cars to get cash from drivers. The subway system was in a critical condition because of its vulnerability to such petty crimes and this called for hundreds of officers to be deployed in cracking do...
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