American Revolution: Thomas Paine's Common Sense, and the Declaration of Independence.

American Revolution
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American Revolution
The American Revolution and its consequences played a significant role in initiating fresh levels of political participation including shay’s rebellion, adoption of Articles of Confederation, and drafting and ratification of the new Constitution. However, drafting and approval of the US constitution was argued to control this participation. The American Revolution was a political disruption that took place from 1765 to 1783 during which colonists in the thirteen American protectorates rebuffed the British kingdom and aristocracy, conquered the influence of Great Britain, and established the United States of America. After the patriots had overthrown their existing governments, closed the courts, and drove away British officials they declared that they were states and not colonies. They elected convention delegates, legislatures, and created new constitutions in all states to replace royal charters. Nevertheless, congress felt the necessity for a stronger union, authoritative government, and a constitution order, suitable to its republican disposition. However, fear of central power hampered the formation of such a government, and extensively shared political assumption held that a republic could not effectively serve a big nation such as the United States. Furthermore, it was argued that representatives of a huge republic would not be able to remain connected with the people they represented, and the republic had the possibilities of sinking into a dictatorship.
Articles of Confederation
The continental congress adopted the first constitution of the United States, Articles of Confederation in 1777 and later ratified by all thirteen states in 1781. Although, the Article of Confederation established a union of the independent states, it created a weak central government, leaving most of the authority with the state administrations. The Articles of Confederation bestowed Congress the authority to administer foreign affairs, conduct battles, and to control currency; nonetheless, these powers were restricted since Congress had no power to impose tax and demand troops from the states. The weak central government created by the Article of Confederation and its inability to levy taxes suggested the need for a stronger federal government.
Shay’s Rebellion
The uprising in Massachusetts offered a significant support on the establishment of a stronger central government. Moreover, the rebellion depicted the political participation of Massachusetts farmers to present their demands to the state government. After conclusion of the American Revolution, thousands of farmers in Massachusetts were under pressure of heavy burden of debt. The inability of farmers to repay their debts was attributed to the bad harvests, high taxes, and economic depression at that time. Conversely, political leaders viewed the weak economy and the burden of debt as a consequence of the Article of Confederation that offered the central government with no power to raise revenue and create policies that would form a unified nation out of the independent states. As creditors threatened to foreclose property of farmers who failed...