Discover Pathophysiology And Epidemiology Psoriasis

Psoriasis
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Psoriasis
Pathophysiology and epidemiology Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a non-communicable disease, which is exhibited through chronic inflammation of the skin. A patient suffering from the illness develops demarcated scaly, red, coin-sized lesions on the surfaces in areas such as knees, hands, feet, scalp, and the elbows. About 10-30% of patients diagnosed with the disease also have their joints affected, which is referred to as Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (Krueger & Bowcock, 2005). The inflammatory is as a result of hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes that are found in the epidermis. According to Krueger and Bowcock (2005), Psoriasis is influenced by the environment, genetic, and immunologic aspects of the patient. The symptoms of the illness include irritation, stinging, itching, and pain in the affected areas. In rare cases, the entire skin surface of the patient might be affected. In such severe cases, the conditions are fatal, and the extreme inflammation and peeling of the skin can affect how the body regulates temperatures and might lead to secondary infections (WHO, 2013). Reviews suggest that the susceptibility factors of the disease are also the factors that lead to PsA. Nevertheless, the development of PsA among the Psoriasis patients might entail exposure to additional environmental stimuli or genetic constructions that increase the risk of inflation of the skin and the joints. Fitch, Harper, Skorcheva, Kurtz, and Blauvelt (2007) report that cutaneous inflammation evident among Psoriasis patients is due to interactions that exist between dendritic cells, T cells, Keratinocytes, neutrophils, and cytokines that are infiltrates from the immune cells. The theorized immunologic events that lead to the development of Psoriasis include an antigenic stimulus that lead to the initiation of Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and some innate immune cells found on the epidermis. Subsequently, the innate cells produce proinflammatory cytokines that include the interferon (IFN)-alpha, which stimulates the activation of myeloid dendritic cells in the epidermis.
Psoriasis occurs globally, but its prevalence varies across regions. Two percentage of the population in the USA and most Western countries is affected. The highest prevalence levels were at 2.8% the Faroe Islands, while it is considerably lower among some ethnic communities such as the Japanese. Additionally, the disease might be absent among Aboriginal Australians, and Indians found in South America. The illness can affect people at any age, but there is a higher risk among people between 15 and 20 years and 55 to 60 years. According to Krueger and Bowcock (2005), the illness manifests itself during early adulthood for individuals with the genetic transmission of the Psoriasis.
A protocol for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up care of Psoriasis 
The treatment of Psoriasis depends on the region affects, the presence or absence of arthritis, and the thickness of the inflammation on the skin. The diagnosis is determined by the findings of the physical examination. From this context, the...