The Musculoskeletal System- Osteoarthritis

The Musculoskeletal System- Osteoarthritis Name Course Date Osteoarthritis (OA) is mostly an age-related disorder of the synovial joints and the leading cause of disability in the US. More than 22.7 million people are suffering from arthritis-attributable relayed limitations in the US (Mandl, 2019). For adults aged 60 years of age and above the prevalence of osteoarthritis is higher and especially for women compared to men reporting arthritis-attributable activity limitations (Mandl, 2019). One of the main effects of osteoarthritis is loss of articular cartilage. The articular cartilage loses the glistening appearance in the early stages becomes more yellow-gray or brownish gray. When the disease progresses, there is fibrillation, and the cartilage thins and the subchondral bone may be unprotected and then becomes dense and hard. Degradation of the matrix I because of inflammatory activation of the cartilage and the synovial membrane is closely linked to the production of cytokines, prostaglandins, nitric oxide, and enzymes that affect the physiological regulatory mechanisms. There is also catabolism to repair the initial lesions because the joint action of different growth factors is observed, at least initially, but the repair ends with an accumulation of fibrillar collagens. The synovial membrane is the link to i...