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2 pages/β‰ˆ550 words
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APA
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Health, Medicine, Nursing
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Maladaptive Responses to Immune Disorders

Essay Instructions:

Maladaptive responses to disorders are compensatory mechanisms that ultimately have adverse health effects for patients. For instance, a patient’s allergic reaction to peanuts might lead to anaphylactic shock, or a patient struggling with depression might develop a substance abuse problem. To properly diagnose and treat patients, advanced practice nurses must understand both the pathophysiology of disorders and potential maladaptive responses that some disorders cause.
Consider immune disorders such as HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus E. What are resulting maladaptive responses for patients with these disorders?
Select two of the following immune disorders: HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, or systemic lupus E (SLE).
Identify the pathophysiology of each disorder you selected. Consider the compensatory mechanisms that the disorders trigger. Then compare the resulting maladaptive and physiological responses of the two disorders.
Select one of the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factor might impact your selected immune disorders.
Post on or before Day 3 a brief description of the pathophysiology of your selected immune disorders. Explain how the maladaptive and physiological responses of the two disorders differ. Finally, explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of each disorder.
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2012). Understanding pathophysiology (Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
McPhee, S. J., & Hammer, G. D. (2012). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical.

Essay Sample Content Preview:


Maladaptive Responses to Immune Disorders
Name
Institution
Maladaptive Responses to Immune Disorders
Pathophysiology of HIV and Psoriasis
Psoriasis affects almost 2-3% of the global population and manifests as erythematous, indurated, rough plaques over the skin at times with involvement of the nails and joints. The disease is distinguished by exaggerated and messed up epidermal cell proliferation and keratinization. Though great steps have been made in the comprehension of the disease, the link of events that leads to this abnormal keratinization has not yet been explicated (Barker, 2012). A host of abnormalities witnessed in psoriasis such as amplified levels of cyclic-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), as well as epidermal growth factor receptor binding all points to a disturbance of the T cell function. At the present, the accepted thinking is that psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that emerges in a genetically predisposed person who has been exposed to certain environmental agents or triggers (Mahajan, & Handa, 2013).
On the other hand, HIV produces cellular immune deficiency typified by the reduction of helper T lymphocytes (CD4+ cells). The depletion of CD4+ cells gives rise to the development of opportunistic ailments and neoplastic processes. Despite much research, the details of the disease process that gives rise to AIDS has not yet been understood despite the big progress in the virology of HIV and the immunology of the human host, much of which has been pushed by the need to better comprehend AIDS. HIV usually leads to a decline of the CD4+ helper cells giving rise to the conversion of the ordinary CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio and dysregulation of B-Cell antibody production. During this process, the manner in which the immune system responds to certain antigens start to fall thus making it impossible for the host to efficiently counter opportunistic infections and in most cases harmless commensal organisms. In most cases, the pattern of these opport...
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