Pharmacotherapy For Endocrine And Musculoskeletal Disorders

    Pharmacotherapy for Endocrine and Musculoskeletal Disorders- Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics Name Institution   Arthritis refers to different conditions associated with the inflammation of joints, and while it can affect people across all ages, it’s mostly the elderly who suffer inflammation on bones, joints and muscles (Semb et al., 2014). Rheumatoid/ rheumatic arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease (AD), which is a chronic symmetrical polyarthritis and joint changes affecting the small joints of the wrists, hands and feet (Arcangelo et al., 2017).  Age is one of the factors that affect the condition and it is necessary to consider the adverse effects of the drugs and interactions to improve outcomes and reduce the risk of adverse outcomes. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) help in relieving pain and reduce symptoms and they are continued when the Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs-DMARD are initiated (Vilana Maria, Iracema, & Lima, 2015). Corticosteroids are useful for the patients beginning DMARD therapy, and their effect may take several weeks (Strangfeld et al., 2017) .Methotrexate (Rheumatrex) one of the most common DMARD interacts with other NSAIDs is associated with higher risk if bone marrow supersession, sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) also has similar interactions with suppressive agents (Arcangelo et al., 2017).  In the case of Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs, which are developed from animals, humans or microorganisms, it is necessary tor review the risk of...