Cancer Research Paper Health, Medicine, Nursing Essay
The nursing process is a tool that puts knowledge into practice. By utilizing this systematic problem-solving method, nurses can determine the health care needs of an individual and provide personalized care.
Write a paper (1,750-2,000 words) on cancer and approach to care based on the utilization of the nursing process. Include the following in your paper:
Describe the diagnosis and staging of cancer.
Describe at least three complications of cancer, the side effects of treatment, and methods to lessen physical and psychological effects.
Discuss what factors contribute to the yearly incidence and mortality rates of various cancers in Americans.
Explain how the American Cancer Society (ACS) might provide education and support. What ACS services would you recommend and why?
Explain how the nursing process is utilized to provide safe and effective care for cancer patients across the life span. Your explanation should include each of the five phases and demonstrate the delivery of holistic and patient-focused care.
Discuss how undergraduate education in liberal arts and science studies contributes to the foundation of nursing knowledge and prepares nurses to work with patients utilizing the nursing process. Consider mathematics, social and physical sciences, and science studies as an interdisciplinary research area.
You are required to cite to a minimum of four sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.
Name
Institution
Cancer
Cancer is a medical condition that has different symptoms. Cancer entails an abnormal cell growth and is also known as malignancy. There are over 100 forms of cancer, ranging from prostate cancer, brain cancer, ovarian cancer, mouth cancer, skin cancer, and throat cancer. Symptoms also depend on the type of cancer. A large number of these symptoms do not arise as a result of cancer, but due to other issues and benign tumors (Quinn & Rakha, 2018). If the symptoms last for a long time, then a doctor will conduct tests and physical exam to determine the cause of the symptoms. This paper focuses on cancer diagnosis and staging, complications, incidences, and approaches to care while relying on the application of the nursing process.
Diagnosis and Staging of Cancer
Cancer is diagnosed by first conducting a screening test or establishing that the person has symptoms that suggest they have cancer. A physical scan can also be conducted, which can be used to detect some types of cancer like rectum, prostate, mouth, and skin. Diagnosis entails collecting information about the patient’s family and personal medical history and then conducting a medical exam. The doctor can also order other kinds of tests, such as imaging or scans, lab tests, and other procedures (Quinn & Rakha, 2018). Imaging tests like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT scans, fiber-optic endoscopy, ultrasound, nuclear scan (bone scan, PET scan), and X-rays can help to establish the size and location of cancer. A biopsy will also be necessary to confirm if cancer exists (Rami-Porta et al., 2017). Lab tests are the most common since they determine the quantity of certain elements in the body, which acts as a sign of cancer. The tests will be carried out on urine, blood, and tissue samples for tumor markers.
Once the diagnosis results reveal than cancer exists, then other tests can be carried out to establish the specific details about the disease, stage of cancer, and to help come up with a treatment. This is a follow-up phase that entails staging (Rami-Porta et al., 2017). Staging means the extent of cancer, such as if it has spread to other tissues and the size of the tumor. There are several staging approaches which focus on information about the position of the tumor, cell type, tumor grade (how the cancer cell looks, grows, and spreads), whether cancer has affected another part of the body or nearby lymph nodes, and the size of the tumor.
The most common cancer staging approach is TNM. T denotes the size of the cancerous tumor that is responsible for the disease. N means the lymph nodes that have cancer and relies on their number (Rami-Porta et al., 2017). M means metastasized and seeks to establish if cancer has developed to other parts of the body (Rami-Porta et al., 2017). The TNM system also relies on specific numbers that provide additional information about cancer. TX means that it is difficult to establish the size the main tumor, while T0 means the primary tumor is not located. T1, T2, and T3 refer to the magnitude and size of the tumor. A higher number suggests that the primary tumor is larger or has affected nearby tissues (Rami-Porta et al., 2017). NX means that cancer located in the lymph nodes is...
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