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Health, Medicine, Nursing
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Case Study Assignment: Anemia - A Disease Of The Blood

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Case Study 1
Case Study 1Ms. A. is an apparently healthy 26-year-old white woman. Since the beginning of the current golf season, Ms. A has noted increased shortness of breath and low levels of energy and enthusiasm. These symptoms seem worse during her menses. Today, while playing in a golf tournament at a high, mountainous course, she became light-headed and was taken by her golfing partner to the emergency clinic. The attending physician’s notes indicated a temperature of 98 degrees F, an elevated heart rate and respiratory rate, and low blood pressure. Ms. A states, “Menorrhagia and dysmenorrheal have been a problem for 10-12 years, and I take 1,000 mg of aspirin every 3 to 4 hours for 6 days during menstruation.” During the summer months, while playing golf, she also takes aspirin to avoid “stiffness in my joints.”
Laboratory values are as follows:Hemoglobin = 8 g/dlHematocrit = 32%Erythrocyte count = 3.1 x 10/mmRBC smear showed microcytic and hypochromic cellsReticulocyte count = 1.5%Other laboratory values were within normal limits.
QuestionConsidering the circumstances and the preliminary workup, what type of anemia does Ms. A most likely have? In an essay of 500-750 words, explain your answer and include rationale.

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Case Study 1
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Anemia is a disease of the blood. It is a condition of the blood where the patient has got lower levels of red blood cells than the normal or the red blood cells have inadequate hemoglobin. For either of the two cases, the result is that the amount of oxygen circulated in the blood is inadequate. The various several anemic types include; sickle cell, iron deficiency, thalassemia and Pernicious anemia among others. Anemia can be a developed or inherited condition. Getting back on the case study, the victim, Ms. A is most likely afflicted by iron deficiency anemia.
The most prevalent form of anemia is Iron deficiency anemia. It is caused by blood loss that is chronic. Chronic loss of blood could be due to heavy menstruation when the demand for iron is high especially in the pregnant women whom there is fetal growth (Cafasso & Nall, 2017). Other causes or increased iron demands is exhibited in children whom in infancy are undergoing spurts of rapid growth. This is also evident in adolescents. For the case of Ms. A, she has had a problem of Dysmenorrheal and Menorrhagia. The latter is a causality of iron deficiency anemia. She says that she has suffered from dysmenorrheal and menorrhagia for a period between 10-12 years. To counteract is, she has always taken aspirin, 1000mg in quantity a few days before her menstruation commences. The ‘stiffness in the joints’ also indicate iron deficiency anemia (Carteron, 2017)
The signs and symptoms exhibited by Ms. A are more likely to be experienced with a person suffering from iron deficiency anemia than any other type. The signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia are; general fatigue, dizziness, weakness, breathe shortness, pale skin, irregular or fast heartbeat, headache, brittle nails, soreness of the tongue, cold feet and hands and strange cravings for certain types of foods (NIH, 2014). Ms. A experiences short breathe, lack of enthusiasm and weakness. The symptoms increase during her menses. This relates...
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