Evolution of Military Management

Evolution of management principle from classical to present.
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Evolution of management principle from classical to present.
The today`s state of affairs and the benefits that organizations are enjoying today was not always the same. What is viewed today as a formal study of management and as a set of coherent principles of organization that can now be controlled and made more effective and efficient started centuries ago, but since then a lot of studies have been made and management has greatly evolved. Today we have several management branches within the management thoughts which can be separated into five major theoretical schools. These schools include; classical school, behavioral school, management science and contingency school (Gibson, 1999). The developments of sophisticated and modern principles of management have made the management of organization very effective and have greatly reduced human error. Many managers use many of the practice, principals and techniques developed from earlier concept and experience.
Management is a phenomenon that is universal and that is largely used almost in all the fields like business, politics, cultural or social because it is management which helps and directs various efforts towards a definite purpose. According to Harold Koontz, "Management is an art of getting things done through and with the people in formally organized groups. It is an art of creating an environment in which people can perform and individuals and can co-operate towards attainment of group goals" (Koontz, 1961, pp.130). According to F.W. Taylor, "Management is an art of knowing what to do, when to do and see that it is done in the best and cheapest way" (Gibson,1999, pp. 277)
An early perspective of management thought shows that the early theory of organization emerged mainly for military and catholic churches. The first known management ideas were recorded in 3000-4000 B.C. in 2900 B.C during the Egyptian ruler Cheops. One pyramid that he made required work to done by 100,000 men for over twenty years. This pyramid occupied 13 acres of land and measured 481 meters in height. Stones and other materials for constructing this pyramid had to be moved thousands of kilometers (Roy, 2007). This kind of work couldn`t have been completed without the adherences of principles of sound management. Planning the activities, controlling workers, motivating them coordinating events couldn`t be done without and expect to have that work complete within twenty years
The classical management theories are the early management theories which consist of three well established theories of classical management namely: Taylor`s theory of scientific management, Fayol`s administrative theory and Weber`s theory of bureaucracy. All these early management theories are characterized by rational economic view, scientific management, administrative principles and bureaucracy organization. Rational economic view ...