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2 pages/β‰ˆ550 words
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Style:
APA
Subject:
Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Type:
Essay
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English (U.S.)
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Date:
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Topic:

Chemicals and Safety Hazards

Essay Instructions:

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OSHA issued the Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard (PSM) (29 CFR 1910.119) which contains requirements for the safe management of chemicals for companies that exceed OSHA's threshold quantities for highly hazardous substances. This standard requires the establishment of a management program that includes conducting process hazard analyses, establishing detailed operating procedures, and includes other important requirements to mitigate the possibility of a serious, chemical related incident occurring at the facility.
For this assignment, suppose you are a safety manager at a chemical manufacturing facility that manufactures concentrated nitric acid. You have heard that employees who load nitric acid into rail tank cars have been checking the pre-inspection checklist from the rail shipping office instead of actually inspecting the vehicles with the checklist in hand as required by the operating procedure. This has not been the first time the shipping crew has been lax about process safety related work rules. Based on this scenario, please compose a research paper which includes the following information:
Identify the chemical properties, uses, and primary hazards associated with common oxidizers including concentrated nitric acid.
Identify important occupational exposure limits (OELs) associated with at least 3 common oxidizers.
Identify PSM requirements that would be useful for preventing or minimizing the consequences of a significant oxidizer related incident.
Using the OSHA Standard and your own experience, justify and validate the importance of the PSM standard to your facility (if it stores and processes highly hazardous materials) or a facility that may impact your community or a near-by community. Examples might include a water treatment facility that utilizes liquefied chlorine gas, a coal fired power plant that utilizes liquefied chlorine gas for water treatment, a food processing plant with a large ammonia refrigeration system, a fertilizer manufacturing or storage facility, a chemical manufacturing facility, etc..
Your research paper must be at least two pages in length. You are required to cite the OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.119 in your response as well as at least two other sources, one of which must come from the CSU Online Library. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced. Paraphrased and/or quoted materials must have accompanying citations in APA format.

Essay Sample Content Preview:
Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals
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Chemical properties, uses, and primary hazards of common oxidizers
Oxidizers have the ability to oxidize other chemical substances; accepting or gaining electrons. Oxidizers also transfer electronegative atoms of oxygen to a substrate. However, oxidizers are not necessarily combustible, but they intensify combustion and increase inflammable range of other chemicals (March, 2015). Nitric acid is a strong acid that is highly toxic and corrosive. When nitric acid is mixed with organic compounds, the resulting reaction leads to detonations and explosion. Oxidizers are widely used in industrial processes. Concentrated nitric acid is used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid, nitrogenous fertilizers, and extraction of metals from their ores. On the other hand, zinc oxide is applied in textile processing while Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers such as boron oxide are used in the treatment of rubber. Nitrous oxide, which is an undesired by-product of nitric acid, is used in baking to enhance the quality of the lour.
The primary hazards of common oxidizers are related to their ability to intensify combustion, widen the flammable range, and lower the ignition temperature and flashpoints of flammable materials. Additionally, combustion products arising from oxidizer-fed fires are more toxic compared to the combustion products of the combustion material itself (Smith, 2020). Gaseous oxidizers pose a threat to the lungs and eyes through inhalation and seeing. Concentrated nitric acid is known for corrosion, which is a threat to the skin.
Occupational Exposure Limits
OSHA 29 CFR Part 1910.119 (1994) defines occupational exposure limits as those limits that represent the maximum airborne concentration of a toxic substance that a worker can be exposed to over a particular p...
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