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MGT 208 Final Exam. Answer the Questions. Management Coursework

Coursework Instructions:

MGT 208 Final Exam
• Select any 5 of the following questions listed below.
• Discuss thoroughly with references as needed.
• You may find it is necessary to do some research on your own to answer these.
• Any resources except each other are acceptable.
Respond in a word document. Expected length is 3-4 pages double spaced.
Each question is worth 10 points for a total of 50 points.
1. Explain the impact of climate change on tourism. What is meant by adaptation and mitigation? Give examples of both.
2. Discuss these three theories of tourism Plog’s, Maslow’s and Butler’s.
3. What is UNESCO? Give examples. What are the Sustainable Development Goals? How can the SDGs be associated with UNESCO?
4. What is the function of NYC & Co for tourists? What is the function of NYC & Co for meeting planners? Why has NYC & Co been so successful in marketing tourism to the city? What is a BID? Give an example of one and describe it.
5. Define social entrepreneurship. Give an example of social entrepreneurship in tourism.
6. Discuss the pros and cons of voluntourism.
7. Discuss the incidence of sexual explotation in tourism. What is the US stance on sexual exploitation in tourism? (Source “Half of the Sky” documentary)
8. What is the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA)? What is the tourism multiplier effect? How do these relate to assessing the economic impact of tourism?
9. Explain how that preservation of the elephant population rather than killing elephants for ivory can give income to a community? Why should elephant poachers be considered as caretakers instead? (Resource National Geographic “Battle for the Elephants”)
10. Gringo Trails what is the intent of this documentary? What do you think motivated the documentary maker to produce this film? What message did you get?
11. What are the following organizations and how are they associated with tourism? WTTC, UNWTO, IMF, and World Bank.
12. How can the COVID pandemic be an opportunity for tourism to be more sustainable? What does that really mean?

Coursework Sample Content Preview:

Mgt208
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Question One (Explain the Impact of Climate Change on Tourism. What Is Meant by Adaptation and Mitigation? Give Examples of Both)
Climate change is the defining crisis of our time. It is caused by the warming up of the earth's atmosphere, which in return results in catastrophic changes in weather patterns that affect the lives of people socially and economically across the globe. It affects the tourism sector which serves various economic, socio-cultural, and environmental purposes. Climate change impacts such as forest fires, melting of the glacier, extreme weather events, species extinction, increased heat waves, melting of mountain ice and snow, and decreasing freshwater affect individual setting of the tourism sector in various ways thereby reducing revenue from the sector (Siddiqui and Imran 2019).
Mitigating climate change refers to mechanisms that reduce the emission of greenhouse gas that are responsible for warming up the earth. For instance, adopting the use of renewable energy sources such as solar power, wind power, and geothermal energy. On the other hand, adaptation to climate change involves anticipating the adverse effects of climate change and taking appropriate action to minimize or reduce the damage it can cause. For example, building dykes to provide defense against flooding and developing drought-resistance crops (Demski et al., 2017).
Question Two (Discuss these three theories of tourism Plog’s, Maslow’s and Butler’s)
Plog’s theory of tourism is critical in understanding the behavior of tourists and their intentions. It provides a conceptual framework that helps in understanding the types of tourists and their likely destinations. Plog’s psychographic personality analyzes an individual's daily life data that is important in understanding travel experiences, providing traveler’s personalities, and assessing their possible destinations (Pavelka, 2013).
Maslow’s theory indicates that people need satisfaction of their basic needs first, before other requirements. According to Maslow, tourists need to be content with their physiological needs, which are accommodation and gastronomy. The second level of needs is safety concerns. Tourists need assurance of their safety. They need a peaceful and calm environment. Lastly, tourists should be part of a group to increase their self-esteem (Šimková & Holzner, 2014).
Butler’s theory states that resort regions follow a life cycle. The cycles are characterized by exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, followed by either decline or rejuvenation. He further indicated that tourist numbers to be used in the S-shape cycle curve. The stages in life cycle are recognized by various criteria (Berry, 2000).
Question Three (What Is UNESCO? Give Examples. What Are the Sustainable Development Goals? How Can the SDGs Be Associated With UNESCO?)
The United Nations Education Scientific And Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a specialized agency that is mandated to build peace and harmony through international cooperation in sciences, culture, and education (UNESCO, 2019).
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) include 17 goal...
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