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Answer Learning Outcome / Chapter 13 Lymphatic And Immune System

Coursework Instructions:

ANSWER LEARNING OUTCOME / Chapter 13 Lymphatic and immune System
Chapter 13 Lymphatic and immune System
Please answer the below questions (the learning outcomes) from the textbook I attached the textbook. Answer and discuss each learning outcome in 2 or 3 sentences.
Your answer will be like this: Chapter 1 1.1 The characteristics of life are: ........ In your answer, be sure to define new biological terms such as homeostasis.
13.1 Learning Outcome: The Lymphatic System
Upon completion of this section, you should be able to
1. Describe the major functions of the lymphatic system.
2. Distinguish between the roles of primary and secondary lymphoid organs, and list examples of each.
13.2 Learning Outcome: Innate Immunity
1. Upon completion of this section, you should be able to
List examples of physical and chemical barriers to infection.
2. Describe the purpose of the inflammatory response.
3. Explain the function of phagocytes and natural killer cells.
4. Describe the three main functions of the complement system.

13.3 Learning Outcome: Adaptive Immunity
Upon completion of this section, you should be able to
1. Describe the major steps in the clonal selection theory.
2. Compare and contrast the activities of B cells versus T cells.
3. Describe the basic structure of an antibody molecule, and explain the different functions of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE.
4. Distinguish between the functions of helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells and explain the role of MHC molecules in these responses.

13.4 Learning Outcome: Active Versus Passive Immunity
Upon completion of this section, you should be able to
1. Distinguish between active and passive immunity.
2. Describe some specific clinical applications of cytokine therapies.
3. Explain the major steps in the production of monoclonal antibodies, and some of their practical uses.

13.5 Learning Outcome: Adverse Effects of Immune Responses
Upon completion of this section, you should be able to
1. Discuss the most common immunological mechanisms responsible for allergies.
2. Compare the adverse reactions involving the ABO blood system with those involving the Rh system.
3. Explain the types of precautions that must be taken when transplanting organs.
13.6 Learning Outcome: Disorders of the Immune System
Upon completion of this section, you should be able to
1. Define autoimmune disease and list several specific examples of these diseases.
2. Differentiate between acquired and congenital immunodeficiencies.
here is the link o the textbook
https://transfernow(dot)net/54iab0g11m71
https://www(dot)transfernow(dot)net/54iab0g11m71/82aed3

Coursework Sample Content Preview:

Chapter 11 Human Organization
Name
Institution
Date
ANSWER LEARNING OUTCOME / Chapter 13 Lymphatic and immune System Chapter 13 Lymphatic and immune SystemYour answer will be like this: Chapter 1 1.1 The characteristics of life are: ........ In your answer, be sure to define new biological terms such as homeostasis.13.1 Learning Outcome: The Lymphatic System Upon completion of this section, you should be able to 1. Describe the major functions of the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic vessels that transport lymph, the lymph nodes, and other lymphatic (lymphoid) organs. This system protects the body from disease by purifying lymph and storing lymphocytes, the white blood cells responsible for adaptive immunity. The lymphatic capillaries absorb excess interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream, and the capillaries also absorb fats from the digestive tract and transport them to the bloodstream and it is lymphoid organs, which help to defend the body against disease, which is returned to the cardiovascular system.
2. Distinguish between the roles of primary and secondary lymphoid organs, and list examples of each. 
In the primary lymphoid organs, the lymphocytes develop and mature and for the secondary lymphoid organs the lymphocytes become activated. Primary lymphoid organs are the thymus and red bone marrow while the secondary lymphoid organs are lymph nodes and the spleen.13.2 Learning Outcome: Innate Immunity 1. Upon completion of this section, you should be able toList examples of physical and chemical barriers to infection. 
The skin and the mucous membranes lining are the first lines of defense against the entry of pathogens.
* Intact skin
* Mucous membranes lining the respiratory, digestive, and urinary tract and their secretions
* Normal microbiota
* Phagocytes and natural killer cells
* Inflammations
* Protective Proteins (complement)
* Specialized lymphocytes
* Antibodies
2. Describe the purpose of the inflammatory response. The inflammatory response is an innate immunity mechanism where there is the redness, heat, swelling, and pain that occur due to capillary changes in response to chemicals released by tissue-dwelling cells. The mast cells release histamine, while dendritic cells and macrophages release cytokines that promote inflammation. Defense mediators are released at the site of injury.
3. Explain the function of phagocytes and natural killer cells.  In innate immunity, phagocytes and natural killer cells offer protection and the phagocytes are a type of white blood cells that ingest harmful bacteria, dying cells and particles including invading organisms. The natural killer cells are lymphocyte-like cells that kill the virus-infected cells and cancer cells by cell-to-cell contact.
4. Describe the three main functions of the complement system. 
Opsonization is the enhanced attachment pathogen marking. There is also direct lysis of target cells or pathogens and followed by chemoattraction and activation of inflammatory cells where the So the complement cascade itself is pro-inflammatory.
13.3 Learning Outcome: Adaptive Immunity Upon completion of this section...
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