Heidi Koseda Case study

I have to write this case study report.
Please see the following questions.
1Provide a concise summary of the key features of the case
2 Identify and use psychological and sociological models and theories to explain key ways in which risk was inadequately assessed and managed:
3 Suggest alternative interventions that might have lead to a more positive outcome
4 Briefly contextualise the above in contemporary practice by referring to more recent case reviews and changes in practice since 1986
Outline ways in which the points raised in a. to d. can help you practice autonomously on your practice placement

Your case study must use the following subheadings.
Overview of the case
Analysis of the assessment and management of risk
Alternative possible interventions
Significant events and changes since 1986
Implications for personal practice
Outline ways in which the points raised in a. to d. can help you practice autonomously on your practice placement

Your case study must use the following subheadings.
Overview of the case
Analysis of the assessment and management of risk
Alternative possible interventions
Significant events and changes since 1986
Implications for personal practice
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Please note that I only need to answer the 2,3,4 - points, I will answer Questions 1 and 5.
I will send our university Harvard system as it different from other universities.
I will send the report over what we received
I am started some of my own research the essay could please use them more or less.
So my notes to
Questions 2 -
There was some serious concerns while assessing and managing the risk. This subsection will discuss the theoretical approaches and problemes that lead to a fatal outcome.
Rules of optimism, Professional Dangerousness, Defending attitude all contributed to the failure. SWs do not criticise much for their too optimistic attitude, (Buckley, cited in 2003, p. 185). SW professionals tends to use a Rules of optimism, when avoiding from being too judgemental on parents, the theory based on a natural instinct that all parents naturally should be a good parent, love their children. When parents acting accordingly to that they are able to persuading SWs on their “good enough” parenting by showing caring attitude towards to their children during the visit, with that they could achieve classing them as into less serious cases, regardless other concerns were raised. What happened with Heidie’s case was that the parents acted as “good enough” parents and did not question enough other issues, and focused only on the relevant children they went to visit. But at time there were gaps in legislation. The luck of statutory power were not forced to professionals have to observe other children welfare too, just the one they assigned to visit according to section 40 of the Children and Young Person’s Acts (1933).
Equally under-reaching to a risky situation because of feelings of pity, empathy, or over-optimism can contribute to an escalation of risk factors. (Walker and Beckett, p.108)
When not answered to door, but where downstairs at the car, Health Visitor examined James at the car, and do not noted the bruise on his forehead….Professionals did question Heidie whereabouts, but were satisfied with a reluctant answers that Hedie staying with friends and the family do not wanted to disturbed by professionals.
As very similar theory/attitude pattern could be drown with more recent fatal outcome Peter Conley, and Victoria Climbie cases….When a panthers mange acting out a caring role during the SW’s, could lead to misleading professionals and could lead to dangerous outcome, naively can result in poor decision making in SCR. We are talking abot Professional Dangerousness Theory: (Knott and Scragg, (2008), cited in Fergusson , 2006, p.83) explains the feeling when not seeing a child by a professional is not benign a concern but rather a release cw. do not need to deal with a case, by a student social worker, who might feel the same as Ferusson relief that they do not have to deal with a visit.
Professional Curiosity (PCF) has a very important role here….. Mitchel questioned the lack of theoretical and analytical righteousness. ….Up to HERE...
In addition when families are facing multiple problems, when parents feel overwhelmed and a child does not meet and social workers focus too much over the parents. (2005-7)
Other research shows that family support programs tend to focus on signe outcome measures related to child behaviour, rather than taking into account other dimensions such as parent. child interaction or use of community resources. (in cited Walker and Backett (2009, p. 139)
They missed out the therapeutic approach completely (132)
In addition a “Statin again Syndrome” can also lead to problems when new issues appear and lead to a tendency to forget about problems, and this could accumulate the chances of risk of harm. in a pass…. For example...
Doyle and Timms argues that (London, 2014, Sage)
REF: Child Neglect and Emotional Abuse: Understanding, Assessment and Response
https://books(dot)google(dot)co(dot)uk/books?id=7pGOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=how+many+years+got+Rosemary+Koseda&source=bl&ots=apyALX2YFh&sig=ACfU3U0WeQO3BksC_JXUz4HFCldveRnqLw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjH8rmE-KvxAhWE8OAKHSohCI4Q6AEwCHoECAoQAw#v=onepage&q=how%20many%20years%20got%20Rosemary%20Koseda&f=false
NSPCC were all involved in the family between the social services department and the NSPCC were all involved in the family between September 1984 and January 1985.
Practice point. Confronting negating abuse. The report reveals how time and again Heidi was not seen by a professional even though there was involvement with her brother, James who was observed on a number of occasions. Therefore, the key practice point in this case in that children do not only
In Heidi’s case, this was compounded by the actions of practitioners, such as an NSPCC officer who recovered that he had visited and seen the children looking well when he had neither visited nor seen the children. If there is some practitioner interaction with negated children, their parents have to accept that their child exists and the extremely dangerous negating abuse which can lead to death from starvation may be avoided.
Student?
During the SRC assessment practitioners might blame practitioners that could make the feel vulnerable and unsupported. Therefore effective learning of past mistakes get in progress by applying a supportive approach...as such...Like with a publication of a Munro review.
For example, with the publication of the Munro review, we have an opportunity to build on the success of a past….
To sum up this chapter too positive attitude can lead to very dangerous outcome like in this case.
Rule of optimism can link with Professional Dangerousness and professional curiosity. The health visitors no dot concerned Heidi whereabouts, only focused on his younger siblings who were due to visit. By applying the rule of optimism and defensive approach the HV only focus was Heidi’s younger siblings during visits, failing to ask questions about Heidie. Following their natural instinct to believe things should be fine, regardless of the obvious sign of a bruise.
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Question 3
Evidence-based practice resulting in local government, health and welfare services modernisation as SWs workers more efficiently and effectively since in the last few decades. Because research evidence will be used in the decision-making process during assessment and intervention. SWs judgements need to be based on the most suitable evidence in combination with theoretical principles. (Walker and Beckett, 2009. p.125).
For example, Attachment theory was not applied….(REf)
Possible alternative intervention:
This was one of the significant events where parental capacity could have assessed.
The other issue was poor communication between agencies.(PCF 9)
How to improve communication between different agencies in SW.
(sudden chances since manning moved in..)
Medical professionals using Base theory when children injures origines are questionable. The Base theory
PROFESSIONAL Questioning.
Munro Review…
...relevant to the local context and circumstances
Serious case review:
Mitchel says
SCR is focus on improving inter agency working to protect children
It is a statistic that often children affected with maltreatment affects children is unknown to child protection services.
Serious fatal maltreatment SCR carried out a local safeguarding board children board.
But the question is what learnt from it?, how made SW more effective and collecting safeguarding.
Obviously we can t talk about partnership here there were no goals identified in this case.
SW also fail to notice the sudden changes that Rosemary how well cared for herself and Heidi, attended all her appointment with Heidi and all the chances started since Price was in the picture. They do not notice their possible mental illness, and Rosemary special learning needs, capabilities. No one noticed that should changes like has a serious reason behind.
The most serious mistake that the case was not analysed, and was not consider serious until few days Heidi body was found. …
Child centred approach, was lost when Chaotic...Mithcel: There is another concerning case when a child needs to get lost, for example when families are facing multiple problems, when parents feel overwhelmed and a child does not meet and social worker focus too much over the parents. (2005-7)(Doyle and Timms)
Introducing base model:
“https://www(dot)england(dot)nhs(dot)uk/blog/ed-mitchell-2/”S
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Child Neglect and Emotional Abuse : Understanding, Assessment and Response
Child and Family Centred Approach
correct the gaps, blaming others
Working together to safeguard children…(Coybe et. al. 2018)
….ImeldaCoynePhD, MA, BSc (Hons), H Dip N (Hons), RSCN, RGN, RNT, FEANS, FTCDaIngerHolmströmPhD, RNbcMajaSöderbäckPhD, RCSN, RNT, BScb, Centeredness in Healthcare: A Concept Synthesis of Family-centered Care, Person-centered Care and Child-centered Care, Journal of Pediatric Nursing
Volume 42, September–October 2018, Pages 45-56
Family centred philosophy should have been used several decades to structure an adequate provision of children care, CCC has been used in children nursing as an alternative approach.
FCC should tailored around a family as a unit, it is a systematic relationship
However The rule and optimism which earlier introduces and and as MacKean suggests need to consider a child and family as their own expert on their own news, would also clash here as there are elements like mental illness of both parents, possible coercive control not considered here...
Holistic approach is very important and to refer to relevant units they offer family support.
In relation to negotiation with parents, the attributes included sharing knowledge, educating the family, building confidence, sharing expectations of roles and responsibilities, assessment of families' needs, and holistic and individualized care (Cartagena et al., 2012; Feeg et al., 2016; Gallo et al., 2016; Kuo et al., 2012; Ramezani et al., 2014; Smith et al., 2015).
Family bg care like relatives MRs Richards, Rosemary mum could be herded, as Price possibly wanted to cut contact with her….
Holistic approach while providing Socio-emotional support.
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The consequences of FCC are researched that improved care quality, increased trust, increased child and family satisfaction and decreased anxiety for children and parents, if is applied adequately. (Cartagena et al., 2012; Committee on Hospital Care and Institute for Patient- and Family-Centered Care, 2012; Lor et al., 2016; MacKean et al., 2012; Mastro et al., 2014; Ramezani et al., 2014).
PCF 9, everybody's responsibility...
A key intervention plan will be to use the ‘A coordinated approach’ which suggests that safeguarding is everyone’s responsibility. should have been shared with all relevant agencies, like SWs, etc..
And the family should question why Heidi was away so long, the Babysitter should have visited, instead rely on the family saying.
The babysitter do not want to disturbed by professionals.
It is a professional danger. REF
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The base model is very similar to a traditional medical history questionnaire what appealed by the medical profession when accessing the child injury circumstances.
The investigation model asking questions of the caregiver histories to identify possible variants during parental interviews separately. If parents are giving different answers, unable to answer questions or refusing to answer (kronolohikal question) it could raise concerns regarding the nature of the injury.
Family dynamic model could have also been applied here : Identifying "critical psychological needs for a high risk family", and emotional response could be monitored. For example when the baby, Jack fallen and did not seeked attention from the parents, and none of his parents comforted him. If professionals would have known Attachment Theory they could know this would lead to serious concerns.
Attachment Theory:
:
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Steven Waler and Chris Beckett: Social Work assessment and intervention
Chris Beckett , Andrew Maynard: Values and Ethics in Social Work
(I used those two books heavily during my notes)
Chris Beckett: Essential Theory for Social Work Practice
Question 4
Significant changes are in government polices occurred after the Heidi’s case review in relation to chid and family risk assessments:
1988 Protecting Children: A Guide for Social Workers Undertaking a Comprehensive Assessment.
1988 Children act, Section 17 and 40
1995 Child Protection: Messages from research"?
1996 The National Comission of Inquary into the Prevention of Child Abuse.
1998 Responding to Familes in Need.
2002 Quality Protects.
1995-1999 The Children Act Report.
2000 Framework for the Assesment of Children in Need and their Families.
Other serious Case reviews happened since.:
There are several significant events happand since.
Other significant events like Vicoria Climie, Peter Conelly
SW receiving more critique and more people encouraged report cases.
The Children Act (1989)went through the most significant changes after Heide’s case review. .
Section 17 the Local Authority responsibility to safeguard and promote children welfare in need, try them and keep them in a family and support parents to become good enough parens. (read session. )
Section 46 is also a new added after Heisio Koseda care review, stating if a child likely to suffer significant harm the police may remove a child to a safe place. In addition Working Together to Safeguarding Children and additional guidelines stating, safeguarding is everyone responsibility between inter agencies, multi agency, the community, to reduce harm. (2004) (Department for Education, 2018)
PCF, and SWE ,date
Apart from the legislation the government invested in prevention programs like Early Help program, to help to families prevent possible future harm.
The draft 'Common Assessment Framework' was developed in late 2004 with its revised version published in 2005. CAF is a new, more standardised approach for assessing the needs of children for service and deciding how those needs should be addressed and met
...rather than waiting till the situation escalate
Department for Education (DfE), 2018; Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety, 2017
Early help services can be delivered to parents, children or whole families, but their main focus is to improve outcomes for children. For example, services may help parents who are living in challenging circumstances provide a safe and loving environment for their child, or, if a child is displaying risk-taking behaviour, early help practitioners work with the children and their parents to see how they can reasoning and build up strategies to improve child behavioral issues, by contributing effective support addressing issues before things gets escalate will increase protective factors both in with children and with their families lives. Early Intervention Foundation (EIF), 2018) (DfE, 2018; EIF, 2018).
Why early help is important
Early help can offer children the support needed to reach their full potential (EIF, 2018). It can improve the quality of a child’s home and family life, enable them to perform better at school and support their mental health (EIF, 2018).
protect children from harm, reduce the need for a referral to child protection services, improve children's long-term outcomes. (Haynes et al, 2015).--check ref..
Early help can also support a child to develop strengths and skills that can prepare them for adult life (EIF, 2018).
https://learning(dot)nspcc(dot)org(dot)uk/safeguarding-child-protection/early-help-early-intervention
For example, the multi-million pound Sure Start programme launched early in this century was based on the untested assumption that such a huge program would prevent later anti-social education, and health problems in the future with a generation od disadvanced children . it is a therefore part of received wisdom that investment of this nature helps.
(Walker and Beckett, 2009, 108.)
Sure Start children's centres delivered major health benefits for youngsters in the most deprived areas, reducing the number of people taken to hospital and delivering millions of pounds in savings to the NHS, a study has found.
Sure Start programme saved the NHS millions of pounds, study finds https://www(dot)theguardian(dot)com/society/2019/jun/04/sure-start-saved-nhs-millions
Patrick Butler Social policy editor, Tue 4 Jun 2019 00.01 BST
Sure, Start children’s centres delivered major health benefits for youngsters in the most deprived areas, reducing the number of people taken to hospital and delivering millions of pounds in savings to the NHS, a study has found.
The Institute for Fiscal Studies research confirms that where Sure Start offered in poor neighbors a significantly positive health effect occurred with that saving to the NHS, by reducing the number of people taken to hospital.
(Do not worry about Questions 1 and 5 as I am writing them will speak soon, and e-mail all the materials report to the essay.)
Edith