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Mathematics & Economics
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Case Study
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Introduction to Probability

Case Study Instructions:

To Whom it May Concern:
Below are the instructions from my institute regarding this assignment. The assignment is a case assignment for my MAT 201 in basic statistics. Please ensure that all required steps are indicated for each question. Please ensure the paper in double spaced and in times roman font size 12. Thank you.
Diego Smith
Instructions:
By submitting this assignment, you affirm that it contains all original work, and that you are familiar with Trident University’s Academic Integrity policy in the Trident Policy Handbook. You affirm that you have not engaged in direct duplication, copy/pasting, sharing assignments, collaboration with others, contract cheating and/or obtaining answers online, paraphrasing, or submitting/facilitating the submission of prior work. Work found to be unoriginal and in violation of this policy is subject to consequences such as a failing grade on the assignment, a failing grade in the course, and/or elevated academic sanctions. You affirm that the assignment was completed individually, and all work presented is your own.
Problems need to include all required steps and answer(s) for full credit. All answers need to be reduced to lowest terms where possible.
Answer the following problems showing your work and explaining (or analyzing) your results.
1.In a poll, respondents were asked if they have traveled to Europe. 68 respondents indicated that they have traveled to Europe and 124 respondents said that they have not traveled to Europe. If one of these respondents is randomly selected, what is the probability of getting someone who has traveled to Europe? 
2.The data set represents the income levels of the members of a golf club. Find the probability that a randomly selected member earns at least $100,000.
INCOME (in thousands of dollars)
98 102 83 140 201 96 74 109 163 210
81 104 134 158 128 107 87 79 91 121
3.A poll was taken to determine the birthplace of a class of college students. Below is a chart of the results.
a.What is the probability that a female student was born in Orlando?
b.What is the probability that a male student was born in Miami?
c.What is the probability that a student was born in Jacksonville?
Gender Number of students Location of birth 
Male 10 Jacksonville 
Female 16 Jacksonville 
Male 5 Orlando 
Female 12 Orlando 
Male 7 Miami 
Female 9 Miami 
4.Of the 538 people who had an annual check-up at a doctor’s office, 215 had high blood pressure. Estimate the probability that the next person who has a check-up will have high blood pressure.
5.Find the probability of correctly answering the first 4 questions on a multiple choice test using random guessing. Each question has 3 possible answers.
6.Explain the difference between independent and dependent events.
7.Provide an example of experimental probability and explain why it is considered experimental.
8.The measure of how likely an event will occur is probability. Match the following probability with one of the statements. There is only one answer per statement.
0 0.25 0.60 1
a. This event is certain and will happen every time.
b. This event will happen more often than not.
c. This event will never happen.
d. This event is likely and will occur occasionally.
9.Flip a coin 25 times and keep track of the results. What is the experimental probability of landing on tails? What is the theoretical probability of landing on heads or tails?
10.A color candy was chosen randomly out of a bag. Below are the results:
Color Probability 
Blue 0.30 
Red 0.10 
Green 0.15 
Yellow 0.20 
Orange "? 
a. What is the probability of choosing a yellow candy?
b. What is the probability that the candy is blue, red, or green?
c. What is the probability of choosing an orange candy?
Submit your work by the module due date.

Case Study Sample Content Preview:

Introduction to Probability
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Subject:
Date of Submission
Introduction to Probability
Question One
The poll had a total of 68+124=192
Sixty-eight of the respondents admitted that they had travelled to Europe.
One hundred and twenty four respondents denied having travelled to Europe.
Ross (2014) defines probability as the likelihood of occurrence or absence of occurrence of an event.
In this case, we are interested in the event that an individual from a sample of population will have travelled to Europe.
The probability becomes 68(124+192) = 68192
The Probability becomes 0.35416666
Reducing the answer to the lowest terms possible, we round of the answer to two decimal places. Therefore, the probability of getting someone who has travelled to Europe is 0.35
Question Two
The following data set was obtained from members of a golf club. We need to identify the probability that a randomly selected member from the golf club earns at least $100,000.
98, 102, 83, 140, 201, 96, 74, 109, 163, 210, 81, 104, 134, 158, 128, 107, 87, 79, 91, 121.
Arranging the data set in an ascending order
74, 79, 81, 83, 87, 91,96, 98, 102, 104, 107,109, 121, 128, 134, 140, 158,163, 201, 210.
The number of members earning less than is eight. Therefore, 20-8=12 members earn at least $100,000.
It follows that the probability that at least a randomly selected member earns more than $ 100, 000 is1220, which is 0.6.
Question Three
In a poll taken to identify the birthplace of college students, the following data was collected.
Male 10 Jacksonville, Female 16 Jacksonville, Male 5 Orlando, Female 12 Orlando, Male 7 Miami, Female 9 Miami.
* We need to find the probability that a female student was born in Orlando.
First, we need to identify the total number of students from the poll. Therefore, we sum the data as shown below.
Total number of students from the poll = 10 + 16 +5 + 12 + 7 + 9 =52
We then assume that the probability of selecting a male student from the Orlando is 1026= 0.385
The probability of selecting a female student from Orlando will be 1-0.385=0.615
The probability of selecting a student from Orlando will be 2652= 0.5
Therefore, the probability of selecting a female student from Orlando becomes 0.5*0.615 = 0.3075
* We need to find the probability that a male student was born in Miami
The total number of students born in Miami is 7+9=16
The probability that a student will be from Miami is given by 1652 = 0.308
The probability that a male student will be selected from a sample of Miami students is 716=0.438
The probability that a male student will be selected from the sample is 0.438*0.308=0.135
* The probability that a student is born in Jacksonville is 2652= 0.5
Question Four
Five hundred and thirty eight people have an annual checkup at a doctor’s office. Out of the five hundred and thirty eight two hundred and fifteen have high blood pressure. We need to find the next person who visits the doctor for a checkup will have high blood pressure.
The probability becomes 215/538 = 0.399
Rounding of the answer to two decimal places it becomes 0.40. Therefore, the next visitor to the doctor’s office has 0.40 chance o...
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