Congestive Heart Failure. Approach to care. Treatment Plan

Congestive Heart Failure
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July 23, 2018
Introduction
According to Mogensen, J. (2009), cardiomyopathy is characterized by the enlargement of the heart. There are two types of cardiomyopathy. The first type is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which is an enlargement of the heart due to the abnormal thickness of the heart wall. The second type is restrictive cardiomyopathy. This is the uncommon type and presents with an impaired filling of the ventricles leading to a reduced volume. However, unlike the hypertrophic type, this has a normal or near normal wall thickness and systolic function (Mogensen, 2013).
Approach to care
The approach to care must be patient-centered since Mr. P is already old and senile. Primarily, it must be focused in avoiding rehospitalization. The patient already had a congestive heart failure which is a consequence of having a long-term cardiomyopathy. According to O'brien, T. (2017), in heart failure, the chambers of the heart, becomes a less and less powerful pump. When this happens, the blood is not efficiently being delivered to the whole body due to the impaired function of the circulatory system. The signs and symptoms will depend on which side of the heart had a congestive heart failure. It develops gradually over the years. In Mr. P's case, since the patient had grade 4 pitting edema and crackles in the lungs, both of which are systemic signs, therefore, the patient has a right-sided congesitive heart failure. To avoid rehospitalization, the patient must be able to help himself circulate the blood and prevent blood retention in different parts of the body.
Treatment Plan
1. Since the patient has a +4 pitting edema (since it was not mentioned whether the edema is in the upper or lower limb, it will be assumed that it is in both upper and lower extremities). The patients upper extremity must be bandaged with a one-half overlap using a 6-inch bandage from the distal area to proximal from the area of the carpus to the armpit with a decreasing pressure and a diagonal pull to help the return of the lymphatic fluid at the lymph nodes found in the armpit. An eight-inch bandage will be used for the lower extremities with a one-half overlap usin...