WEEK V Annotated Bibliography. Disruption, markets, organizations and artificial intelligence

In Unit VI, you will submit a research paper on the topic of disruption. The focus of this research paper is to help you to attain an in-depth understanding of how technologies disrupt markets and organizations, with an emphasis on the role of artificial intelligence. Furthermore, you will consider the implications of disruption on technology governance.In this unit, you will create and submit an annotated bibliography of five peer-reviewed sources from the CSU Online Library that you will use as the basis of your paper. The five sources that you select are those that you consider to be relevant to the assigned topic.
Write a brief paragraph that summarizes each source. Be sure to emphasize the research; critique the research questions, methodology, and findings of the article; and explain each source's relevance and importance to the topic.Your annotated bibliography should be two to three pages in length. Cite the sources in proper APA style. The references should be organized in alphabetical order and within the last 5 years
Critical Writing
As you progress through your program, you will be expected to develop and demonstrate graduate level writing skills that include:
• Theoretically sound and conceptually rich writing.
• Critical analysis and synthesis of scholarly sources to frame your arguments.
• Use of scholarly sources to support any assertions.
• Clear divisions between your writing voice and the literary sources.
• Clean formatting and following the style detailed in the APA Publication Manual 6th Edition.
• Proper English grammar and punctuation.
 One method to help writing at the doctoral level is to go beyond summarizing what a writer (scholarly source) stated and analyze the statements by employing the following techniques:
• Write 2-3 sentences providing a brief overview of the writer’s research methodology, data collection, participant demographics (individual or organizations), and study findings. Critically analyze and synthesize the study with your thoughts as well as other scholarly work to create a theoretical framework to build your argument.
• Write a sentence or two explaining the framework of the writer’s research such as in a review of 10 projects (define scope/demographics of projects), Smith (2010) identified… or his study of risks, Smith (2012) interviewed 35 project managers in small manufacturers with less than 500 employees in the Western United States and Canada. Smith found four significant… • When you discuss the literature such as Smith’s (2011) three critical success factors to XYZ…, discuss each factor and provide your own thoughts on the relevance or potential shortcomings of the sources work. Also use other scholarly sources to support or oppose the work. This will help your writing become more analytical demonstrating synthesis and evaluation to frame your arguments.
To summarize the process of synthesizing peer reviewed studies, address the following in your annotated bibliography:
• What was the study methodology/design? (Timeline, quantitative, qualitative, case study, etc.)
• What was the data collection instrument? (Interviews, surveys, data analysis, observation, comparative test, etc.)
• What were the organizational and individual demographics of the study participants? (What part of the world, type of organization, participant positions, age, gender, etc.?)
• What were the study findings?
• Critically analyze the study in relation to limitations, theoretically grounded, etc.
 Following the theoretical framework within the literature review, discuss and analyze the meaning of the study findings:
• Synthesize the findings in your own words to help the reader interpret the
 findings. • Use analogies and your professional experiences as needed to discuss and analyze the study findings.
 • Identify any theories or conceptual models that align with the study findings.
• Bring in other seminal works and scholarly researchers ideas and work to further discuss and analyze the study findings.
• Explain the relevance of these findings to your argument.
 The snapshot below helps illustrate succinctly synthesizing the theoretical frameworks for a scholarly peer-reviewed study:
 The Annotated Bibliography—Preparing Today for Tomorrow 
Doctoral students need to begin early preparing to successfully complete the Doctoral Study process and to write a substantial literature review for their Doctoral Study. Some students have found when they complete their coursework that they lack the scholarly sources to begin their Doctoral Research journey.
 The best way to prepare for the Doctoral Study is to start developing a comprehensive annotated bibliography of scholarly literature during the student’s coursework. One method is to spend the time to succinctly synthesize a theoretical framework and critical analysis for every peer-reviewed study that the student reads. It is also a good idea to provide a short discussion about the findings (answering: what do the study findings mean?) citing key concepts (in APA style) after reading a scholarly article. Creating such a comprehensive annotated bibliography helps students in writing course papers and if students add 5-10 critical reviews for each course assignment, the student will save considerable time later and be better prepared for the Doctoral Study.
Indeed, an annotated bibliography is a valuable asset for you when you sit down to write. It should contain everything that you will need in a short succinct paragraph (or two) from each scholarly source/study. Envision the following scenarios:
• You are in your research courses and one assignment in a course requires a comprehensive annotated bibliography. Because you began your annotated bibliography during your coursework, you have an excellent document that with a little addition and fine-tuning may be ready to submit.
• You are working on your Doctoral Study literature review and you need theoretical frameworks and critiques of studies to build a theoretical foundation for your research methodology. Fortunately you have written 4-5 theoretical frameworks for every paper in every course and you have an extensive selection to use in your annotated bibliography that will quickly help you write your literature review. Clean—simple—fast and no running back to the sources for more information because you have it already synthesized in your annotated
 bibliography.
 Annotated bibliography outline (be sure to always have a backup in case your computer crashes):
1. APA reference citation in alphabetical order. See your APA Manual pages 198- 199.
Succinctly synthesized theoretical framework from a scholarly peer-reviewed study. Critical analysis of the study and brief description of the findings. Identify the theory or conceptual model that aligned with the study findings.
2. APA reference citation in alphabetical order.
 Succinctly synthesized theoretical framework from a scholarly peer-reviewed study. Critical analysis of the study and brief description of the findings. Identify the theory or conceptual model that aligned with the study findings.
3. APA reference citation in alphabetical order.
 Succinctly synthesized theoretical framework from a scholarly peer-reviewed study. Critical analysis of the study and brief description of the findings. Identify the theory or conceptual model that aligned with the study findings.4. APA reference citation in alphabetical order.
 Succinctly synthesized theoretical framework from a scholarly peer-reviewed study. Critical analysis of the study and brief description of the findings. Identify the theory or conceptual model that aligned with the study findings.5. APA reference citation in alphabetical order.
 Succinctly synthesized theoretical framework from a scholarly peer-reviewed study. Critical analysis of the study and brief description of the findings. Identify
 the theory or conceptual model that aligned with the study findings.
 Annotated Bibliography Example
 Please note that if you use Word tables, you may find the sort function helpful for automatically sorting by the first author’s last name in alphabetical order.
Fusch, G. E. (2009). Breaking down perceived barriers to lifelong learning.
 Journal of Exciting Business Research, 3(1). 37-52, doi:10.1.123456789
 In a qualitative ethnographic study of shop-floor workers, Fusch (2009) observed the daily operations and culture in a small paper mill. Building on his observations, Fusch interviewed 25-workers in the pulp processing department and found that  workers often resisted employer provided educational opportunities due to preconceived barriers to learning. Although Fusch identified incentives and that strategies can increase worker participation and enhance the workplace environment, this study provided only a minimal theoretical foundation and needed a better foundation tosupport his argument. The study findings aligned with human capital theory.
Smith, A. J. (2012). Begin with an APA reference from the APA Manual pages 198 and 199 for journal articles. Use the hanging indent, doi number, etc.
 To summarize the process of synthesizing theoretical frameworks, address the following in your literature review: (1) What was the study methodology? (Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods). (2) What was the data collection instrument/design? (Interviews, surveys, data analysis, observation, comparative test, etc. Also: Case Study, ethnography, phenomenology, etc.). (3) What were the organizational and individual demographics of the study participants? (What part of the world, type oforganization, participant positions, age, gender, etc.?) (4) What were the study findings? 
Conclude by critically analyzing the study in relation to limitations, theoretically 
grounded, etc. The critical analysis should be two to three sentences in your own words—there are no wrong answers—the critical analysis is just your perspective. Add a short sentence identifying the theory or conceptual model that aligned with the studyfindings.
Tip: Use the Word find key to locate themes to copy annotated bibliographies in groups
 that you may synthesize together for sub-sections in the literature review.
Tip: Use control-tab to indent paragraphs within Word tables and use tab for additional
 rows. Select all the rows in the table, and click on the AZ down arrow icon.