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Essay Available:
Pages:
3 pages/≈825 words
Sources:
3 Sources
Style:
APA
Subject:
Social Sciences
Type:
Annotated Bibliography
Language:
English (U.S.)
Document:
MS Word
Date:
Total cost:
$ 12.96
Topic:

Stop & Frisk and Crime

Annotated Bibliography Instructions:

For this assignment, you will provide an annotated bibliography for three peer reviewed Journal Articles as sources and provide the complete source information using APA 7 citation. Your articles should be about studies that were conducted on your chosen area. You may include law reviews and law journals -though they are seldom peer reviewed, are more often opinion based, and often do not discuss studies. I am allowing this as most students get confused by the distinctions. Otherwise, the sources DO NOT include web pages, links or news sources, movies, documentaries, magazines, or personal communication. Also, avoid reports and books for this assignment.
You may choose 1 Justice related topic from the below:
Police Discretion and the 4thAmendment (3 peer reviewed sources)
Stop & Frisk and Crime (3 peer reviewed sources)
Jury Decision Making (3 peer reviewed sources)
The impact of Witherspoon v. Illinois (death qualification) on jury decisions (3 peer reviewed sources)
The impact of Miranda (3 peer reviewed sources)
Do not simply paste the article abstract into your assignment and use it as your annotation. Each annotation should be a page in length. So, I am expecting full pages that are in Times New Roman size 12pt. font, double spaced, with 1-inch margins.
You should provide:
a brief summary of the topic prior to reporting your review of the 3 articles
summary of each article,
a discussion of the findings, as well as
evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each article for your annotations. (These are typically discussed at the end of the article.) This is not about preference or personal feelings. I am asking you to dissect the article empirically. This is why I would prefer empirical journals to law journals as they discuss the strengths and weakness of the article as opposed to law journals or reviews. Examples of peer reviewed journals include, Criminology, Journal of Criminal Justice, Law and Human Behavior, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Justice Quarterly, etc.

Annotated Bibliography Sample Content Preview:


Stop & Frisk and Crime
First name Last name
Institution of Affiliation
Course Code and Title
Instructor’s Name
Date
Stop & Frisk and Crime
The law enforcement organization in New York City was the first to implement the stop-and-frisk order. Law enforcement officials stop anybody they suspect of engaging in illicit activities to frisk and interview them. According to the researchers, the law aimed to reduce crime rates. It was based on the highest federal court's decision in the Terry v. Ohio court case. But since then, its execution has generated debate; some say it has been crucial in reducing crime, while others accuse it of racial profiling.
Cooley, E., Hester, N., Cipolli, W., Rivera, L. I., Abrams, K., Pagan, J., Sommers, S. R., & Payne, K. (2019). Racial Biases in Officers' Decisions to Frisk Are Amplified for Black People Stopped Among Groups, Leading to Similar Biases in Searches, Arrests, and Use of Force. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 11(6), 761–769. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550619876638
According to Cooley et al. (2019), the question of whether or not police officers' judgments are influenced by race has become more contentious in light of recent incidents between police and members of minority groups, most notably African Americans. The authors suggest that when black individuals are involved, racial disparities in contact with the police rise. They say this after compiling data from over 2 million stops by police in NYC and examining the results of frisks. The findings showed that Black people had the highest probability of being stopped, frisked, and even arrested. The report also suggests that the racial disparities were more pronounced when people were stopped in groups as

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