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3 pages/≈825 words
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Social Sciences
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Reaction Paper
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Topic:

Existentialist Ethics: Existentialism: Existence precedes the essence

Reaction Paper Instructions:

Instructions
Instructions:
(1) Read the article by Jean Paul Sartre, Existentialism is a Humanism: https://www(dot)marxists(dot)org/reference/archive/sartre/works/exist/sartre.htm
https://iep(dot)utm(dot)edu/existent/
(2) Watch the video: https://www(dot)youtube(dot)com/watch?v=YaDvRdLMkHs
Paper:
(1) after reading Existentialism is a Humanism formulate a thesis about the text that addresses one of the major philosophical themes, such as the idea that human beings are entirely free, existence precedes essence, and bad faith. For example, you can address questions such as:
--Are we free? What does it mean to be free?
--Does freedom mean we can do whatever we want? Do we still have moral responsibility?
(2) after exploring one of themes in Sartre's Existentialism is a Humanism, you will need to compare Sartre to Kant. For example, if you took up the question of freedom, how would Sartre's views on freedom compare with those of Kant?
(3) draw three conclusions and support them by the arguments you made in your paper
--Guidelines
Paper should not just contain summaries of the text by Sartre, but a unique engagement with Sartre's writing.
Paper must be 3-4 pages, times new roman, double spaced, 12 point font. Please only include the title in the paper. Do not include my name, your name, the date, or the name of the class, as all this will appear in the dropbox.

Reaction Paper Sample Content Preview:

Existentialism is Humanism
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Existentialism: Existence precedes the essence
Mostly, human beings tend to shift blame to other people whenever something goes the wrong way. We always manage to come up with justifications whenever we perform actions that go the way we do not anticipate. Several people argue that existentialism spurs people to act negatively. The essential principle of existentialism registers that human beings are compelled to make choices whenever they are presented with a limitation, making them accountable for themselves and everybody else. This paper examines Sartre's viewpoint that human beings are what they make of themselves.
According to Sartre, the prevailing tenet of existentialism is that existence precedes essence. Sartre held that inanimate objects are ideally different from human sentience. He inferred that human beings are self-conscious of their existence, while objects simply exist, which makes human beings simply choose whatever they want (Sartre, Existentialism from Dostoyevsky to Sartre, 1946). Sartre also posits that humans have the mandate to determine their existence. Sartre says that a man is nothing but a series of enterprises and that he is the sum, organization, and aggregate of the relations that constitute such enterprises (Sartre, 2007). Human beings are nothing other than their perception of themselves. Somebody cannot claim to be courageous if they have not taken the step of portraying courage through their actions and choices. Only then can a person say they are courageous. Also, one must exist for them to realize what they ought to be. Without being in existence, a person cannot have a purpose.
Consequently, essence simply disappears with a person's inexistence. What makes a chair a chair is the way it is and not perceived. Similarly, whatever a person does makes them a person. Human beings are distinguished by their existence in the world at every moment, meaning that a human's persona is dynamic. From Sartre's view, every action, belief, attitude by a person is a matter of choice; there is no moral reference to supervise a person on these choices. Sartre then asserts that in life, human beings draw their portrait through their dedication to themselves. The imaginations and illusions of what they could have been are just self-deception. As a consequence, human beings can create and remodel themselves indefinitely
Sartre explicitly noted that there are no objective moral standards. The aspect of God advances the idea of values, and immed...
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