Does utilization of Patient Navigation enhance compliance follow up and treatment after an abnormal mammograp in low income minority female age 40-75 ( please change to empirical Topic )

Follow Up after Abnormal Mammography
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Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most diagnosed disorders among men and women in developing countries. According to statistics, African American women from low-income areas and with low education attainment encounter higher mortality rates resulting from cancer than the white counterparts. Besides, women from low economic backgrounds have substantially lower survival rates than their peers from affluent families. Underutilization of mammography and delays in diagnosis are the major factors that have resulted in the variation of mortality rates in both developed and developing countries. For that reason, current research focuses on early detection and prevention of breast cancer. Arguably, screening mammography is one of the most effective strategies for detecting breast cancer at an early stage, thus facilitating the reduction of associated risks at later stages.
Keywords: Breast cancer, diagnosis, women, mammography, mortality, developing countries, underutilization, and screening
Keywords: Breast cancer, Low-income Minority Women, Patient Navigation, Mammograms.
Follow up after Abnormal Mammography
Overview
The research on the use of patient navigation in enhancing compliance follow up and treatment after abnormal mammography targets the connectedness between screening and follow up for the underserved population in low-income minority areas According to Fair, Wujcik, Lin, Zheng, Egan, Grau, and Wallston (2010, p.71), health belief scales are relevant in conducting research in the healthcare sector. I modified health belief scales while referring to the annual screening of breast cancer and diagnostic follow up. I utilized a cohort study design in conducting the study. Equally, I performed statistical analysis to assess the relationship between abnormal mammography, psychosocial determinants, and other socio-demographic factors. In the research, women with low internal health locus of the various control scores were more likely to have a higher mean internal health locus than their counterparts with higher mean internal health locus. Besides, women with lower educational attainment had higher fatalism scores than those with higher educational attainment.
The government collaborates with policymakers in examining the etiologic and psychosocial risk factors of breast cancer. The ultimate objective is addressing the health needs of the medically underserved and low-income minority. Diagnostic mammography is an effective mechanism of promoting early identification and risk reduction of breast cancer. Policymakers recommend the need for screening mammography use among the medically underserved women in developing countries (Fair et al., 2010, p.71). If a woman is ready to receive mammography and take preventive action, medical practitioners presume that her beliefs compel her to weigh the options of minimizing her susceptibility to breast cancer.
Multiple studies illustrate that women from developing countries are susceptible to breast cancer at a later stage than those from developed countries. The advanced stage for the former emanates from underutilization of mammography services and delays in diagnostic testing relat...