Substance Abuse and Dependency

Substance abuse and dependency
Name
Institution
Substance abuse and dependency
The two levels of substance use are substance abuse and substance addiction; the former is a maladaptive pattern of substance use despite it having the adverse outcomes while the latter is the continuous use of the substance despite the significant substance-related problems. Substance use disorders affect twenty percent of the adults in the U.S, and many are not diagnosed since the clients, and the health professionals use denial when it comes to substance use (Eby & Brown, 2008). The abused substances as identified by DSM-IV-TR are classified into different groups depending on their effect. The substances that depress the CNS include the alcohol, the opiates, sedatives, hypnotic, and anxiolytics; the combination of psychotropic medication with alcohol, or other drugs can increase the CNS depression since they have an addictive property. The substances that stimulate the CNS are the amphetamines, methamphetamines and cocaine. The withdrawal from the stimulants causes CNS depression. The hallucinogens include the LSD, mescaline and PCP while the inhalants include the cannabis, caffeine and nicotine. The nurse on admission should...