Compare Freud's and Erickson's stages of development and underlying forces that influence development

COMPARE FREUD’S AND ERICKSON’S STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND UNDERLYING FORCES THAT INFLUENCE DEVELOPMENT
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(February 22, 2012)
Compare Freud’s and Erickson’s stages of development and underlying forces that influence development
Introduction
Scientist have developed numerous theories to note development in the human life, they all agree that growth is in stages but differ on the various stages. They also differ in whether the development is continuous or discontinues with the previous stage; or whether the adolescence stage is relatively calm or stressful and full of events (Newman & Newman 2011). They also argue if the adolescence stage is critical in the life of individuals and whether the environmental factors are more significant in the development factors. This paper compares Freud’s and Erickson’s stages of development and underlying forces that influence development.
Feud’s Stages of Development
Feud Sigmund developed his theory on the psychosexual stages in the 1990s. In his theory the personality of the individual is recognized by the age of five. He bases his theory on the psychoanalytic sexual drive theory which is based on the instinctual libido processed by human beings when they are born. This is seen to develop in five stages that include the oral, anal, phallic, latent and the genitals and are well explained in the theory. The oral stage is the age from birth to one year which focuses on the mouth region (Sigelman & Rider 2011). The anal stage is between 1 to three years and is focused on the bowels and bladder; the phallic stage is between three to six years and is focused on the genitalia; the latency stage is from 6 to puberty which Feud argues that it is dormant for sexual feelings; the final stage is the genital stage which occurs between poverty till death; this is where sexual interest are mature where there is frigidity and relationships.
Erickson’s stages of development
Erik Erickson’s is responsible for the development of this theory and argues that there are eight stages of development. Every stage is a preparation from the infancy to adulthood and processes a new challenge and is responsible for the success of the other stage (Erikson, 1959). Erickson bases his argument on Feud’s theory though he takes a broader perspective of life. His theory focuses more on the social and cultural components in the development process and the experiences (Sheehy, 1976). In each stage the individual is supposed to build a certain virtues which helps in the next stage of life. For instance, individuals build the virtues, hope, will, purpose, competence, identity, love, care and wisdom for the first to last stage respectively.
Comparison
Whereas Freud theory has five stages, Erickson theory has eight stages; in addition while Feud describes the sexual stages while Erickson describes social and cultural experi...