Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument Medicine Essay

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
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Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
Skin During Aging Process
There are many age-related changes that occur in the skin that are readily observable. According to McCance and Huether (2013), genetics as well as cumulative environmental factors such as inflammatory responses, UV radiation from the sun, gravity, and tobacco smoke influence cutaneous changes with aging. Structurally, McCance and Huether (2013) note that the skin becomes less elastic, thinner, drier and wrinkled. There is also a change in the pigmentation of the skin. The cellular changes that contribute to these alterations include flattening of dermoepidermal function and a reduction in the number of capillary loops. As a result of fewer melanocytes, there is a reduced protection against UV radiation. In addition, a significant decline in the number of Langerhans cells lessens the immune response of the skin with aging. Other changes during the aging process include a decrease in lymphatic and vasculature drainage, elastic fiber loss, fragmentation of collagen fiber, and a decrease in the number of fibroblasts (McCance & Huether, 2013). These changes cause wrinkling and a decline in the skin’s ability to stretch and regain shape.
The skin and hair of older clients must be given special care. Since aging skin is fragile and has few oils, daily bathing not always essential. Alternative measures can be both or sponge baths. According to Rosdahl and Kowalski (2008), when the client is incontinent, the skin should be kept dry and clean to prevent breakdown and irritation. Application of oil by the nurse can help keep the client’s skin soft and promote peripheral circulation as well. Rosdahl and Kowalski (2008) also note that there are special bath oils that can be used to keep the skin supple. As for the hair, it should be shampooed to promote cleanness and comfort. However, since older people’s hair is often brittle and dry, shampooing should not be done too often.
Preventive Mesures to Slow Aging Process
The American Academy of Dermatology [AAD] (n.d.) outlin...